SGER: Comparative Studies of Senescence in Natural Populations of Guppies

[9986801]雷兹尼克这是一项对孔雀鱼自然种群衰老的比较研究，该研究基于对两个种群中各2000只孔雀鱼的单独标记。一种人来自自然低死亡率的环境，因此他们有很高的预期寿命。另一个种群是最近从高死亡率环境引入到低死亡率环境的，死亡率的差异是由与孔雀鱼共生的捕食者的不同造成的。这第二种种群已经在某种程度上进化，以适应新环境中较低的死亡率。最近开发的一项统计测试将确定年龄最大的孔雀鱼的死亡率是否加速，从而确定这两个种群在加速死亡率（即衰老）方面是否存在差异。理论预测，在这两个种群中，衰老的速度应该是不同的。更广泛的目标是从进化的角度确定动物衰老的原因。虽然数以百计的研究人员正在研究衰老，但很少有人考虑为什么我们在种群或物种之间看到了衰老速度的差异，尽管一个理论在40多年前就提出了预测这种差异进化的原因。这项研究验证了这些预测。

9986801 ReznickThis is a comparative study of aging in natural populations of guppies based on individually mark as many as 2,000 guppies each from two populations. One population is from an environment where they naturally experience low mortality rates, so that they have high life expectancies. The other population was recently introduced from a high mortality rate environment to a low mortality rate environment, where differences in mortality rate are caused by differences in the predators that guppies co-occur with. This second population has already evolved to some extent in response to the lower mortality rates in the new environment. A recently developed statistical test will determine if there is an acceleration in mortality rates in the oldest age classes of guppies and hence if there are differences among these two populations in the rate of acceleration of mortality rate, i.e., senescence. Theory predicts that there should be differences in the rate of senescence in these two populations. The broader goal is to determine why animals age from an evolutionary perspective. While hundreds of investigators are studying aging, very few are considering why we see differences among populations or species in the rate of aging, even though a theory predicting why such differences evolve was proposed over 40 years ago. This study tests these predictions.