SGER: Surface Deposition and Vertical Transport of Ozone During the Polar Sunrise

未来首席调查员将在北极大气边界层进行研究，以更好地了解导致臭氧消耗的过程。该项目将是极地日出实验-2000(PSE2000)的一部分，主要有三个目标：调查和量化地面(积雪)基地过程造成的臭氧消耗。确定臭氧从稳定的海洋边界层到下层积雪的垂直输送。以明确海洋到大气的锂、水蒸气交换和臭氧耗尽事件后的情况。2000年2月至5月期间，将在阿勒特岛和威廉斯岛的两个试验场进行一系列地面和空中测量。首席调查员将首次尝试利用涡旋协方差来确定到达积雪的原位臭氧通量，并将检验在极地日出期间臭氧反应物质在积雪上和/或积聚在积雪内有助于边界层臭氧破坏的假设。他推测，积雪中发生的过程可能解释了臭氧消耗机制中缺失的重要细节。为了验证积雪是否构成臭氧的汇，将对积雪中的间隙空气进行详细测量。从地表到100-150厘米的五个深度的气相测量将通过小室系统的空气采样和高灵敏度的臭氧分析仪来实现。在北极春季臭氧枯竭期间，从地表延伸到约300米(米)的大气层柱可能没有臭氧。在300米高度以上，混合层封顶逆温层的高度，臭氧混合比可超过40 ppbv。这个臭氧储存库可以通过湍流涡旋向下输送，作为地表臭氧层的来源。由于北极对流层连续几个月处于黑暗状态，因此大气边界层稳定且分层，从而防止了大气垂直混合。因此，光化学活性化学物质可能在边界层中积累，并在阳光恢复时可参与反应。他将通过确定营地表面能量平衡的各个组成部分，研究海洋与大气之间的能量交换和动量对边界层化学成分的作用。该数据集将用于开发和验证数值模拟系统，以了解冰营地点的大气-海洋能量交换能力，从而确定当地化学反应活化能的可获得性。

FuentesThe Principal Investigator will conduct research in the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer to gain a better understanding on the processes leading to ozone depletion. The project will be part ol'the Polar Sunrise Experiment-2000 (PSE2000) with three main objectives: To investigate and quatitfy the ozone depletion due to surface (snowpack) bases processes. To define the vertical transport of ozone from the stable marine boundary layer to the underlying snowpack. To specify the ocean to atmosphere exchange of lieat, water vapor and after ozone depletion episodes. During February - May 2000, a series of surface- and airborne-based measurements will be undertaken at two experimental sites, at Alert and Williams Island. The Principal Investigator will attempt for the first time to determine in situ ozone fluxes to the snowpack using the eddy covariance and will test the hypothesis that accumulation of ozone reactive materials on and or inside the snowpack contribute to boundary layer ozone destruction during the Polar sunrise. He surmises that processes occurring within the snowpack may explain important missing details in ozone depletion mechanisms. To verify if the snowpack constitutes a sink for ozone, detailed measurements will be made in the interstitial air within the snowpack. Gas-phase measurements at five depths, from the surface to 100-150 cm, will be achieved through air sampling with chamber systems, coupled with highly sensitive ozone analyzers. During spring Arctic ozone depletion episodes, the atmospheric column extending from the surface to about 300 meters (m) can be devoid of ozone. Above the 300-meter level, the height of the capping inversion of the mixed layer, ozone mixing ratios can exceed 40 ppbv. This ozone reservoir can serve as a source of surface ozone via downward transport by turbulent eddies. Because the Arctic troposphere is dark for several months, the atmospheric boundary layer is stable and stratified, thus preventing atmospheric vertical mixing. Therefore, photochnmically reactive chemical species may accumulate in the boundary layer and become available to partake in reactions when sunlight resumes. He will investigate the role of ocean to atmosphere exchange of energy and momentum on the chemical composition of the boundary layer by defining the individual components of the energy balance for the camp surface. The data set will be used in the development and validation of numerical modeling systems to understand the atmosphere-ocean energy exchange capacity at the ice-camp site, thereby characterizing the availability of activation energy for local chemical reactions.