Meiotic Drive and Sexual Selection in Diopsid Dipterans

[00:77878 .威尔金森]这个项目旨在验证这样一种假设，即雌性选择有装饰的雄性来改变其后代的性别比例。在眼柄长度和x链减数分裂驱动（即携带y染色体的精子不能发育）方面表现出两性二态性的两种柄眼蝇（Diopsidae科）将被用来检验这一假说的三个预测。为了确定影响眼跨度和减数分裂驱动的基因的位置，将对任意遗传标记进行数量性状位点（QTL）研究。为了确定选择如何在种群中维持减数分裂驱动，将比较雄性和雌性的寿命、雌性的繁殖力以及携带或不携带驱动等位基因的雄性的精子消耗。为了确定眼距和驱力之间是否存在相关的进化，我们将对最近从东南亚捕获的9个种群的果蝇进行后代性别比例、雄性形态和精子发育的分析。这个项目是独特而重要的，因为它测试了适应性配偶选择的明确遗传机制。此外，一个非标准模式生物的遗传连锁图谱将被开发，并可能为基因组进化提供新的见解。最后，与其他减数分裂驱动系统的比较可能揭示性染色体传递是否可以通过多种方式改变，从而提供潜在的生物控制机制。

0077878WilkinsonThis project aims to test the hypothesis that females choose ornamented males to alter the sex ratio of their progeny. Two species of stalk-eyed flies (family Diopsidae) that exhibit sexual dimorphism for eye stalk length and X-linked meiotic drive (i.e., sperm bearing Y-chromosomes fail to develop) will be used to test three predictions of this hypothesis. To determine the location of genes that influence eye span and meiotic drive, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) study will be conducted with arbitrary genetic markers. To determine how selection maintains meiotic drive in the population, the longevity of males and females, the fecundity of females, and sperm depletion by males that do or do not carry drive alleles will be compared. To determine if correlated evolution between eye span and drive has occurred, progeny sex ratio, male morphology and sperm development will be assayed for nine populations of flies recently captured from southeast Asia.This project is unique and important because it tests an explicit genetic mechanism for adaptive mate choice. In addition, a genetic linkage map for a non-standard model organism will be developed and may provide novel insights on genome evolution. Finally, comparison to other meiotic drive systems may reveal if sex chromosome transmission can be altered in multiple ways, thereby providing a potential biocontrol mechanism.