Genomic Conflicts and Reproductive Isolation

基因组冲突和生殖隔离

• 批准号: 0343617
• 负责人: Gerald Wilkinson
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-03-01 至 2008-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0343617&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Genomic; Conflicts; Reproductive; Isolation

This project aims to test two alternative genetic mechanisms for the evolution of reproductive isolation. One possibility assumes that selfish genes compete for transmission by sperm while an alternative assumes that antagonistic genes that facilitate male fertilization have negative effects on female reproduction. Both of these processes can cause genetic arms races within populations, which may cause hybrids between populations to be sterile. The selfish gene hypothesis will be tested by locating hybrid sterility factors to determine if they are near those that influence transmission of selfish X chromosomes and by comparing DNA sequence evolution between chromosome regions. The antagonistic gene hypothesis will be tested by comparing the rate of evolution of reproductive to nonreproductive traits in males and females and by determining if sperm competitive ability depends on genetic divergence between populations.Determining how reproductive isolation evolves is essential for understanding the origin of species. The research proposed here is notable because alternative genetic mechanisms for reproductive isolation will be evaluated and will utilize isolated populations of stalk-eyed flies, genus Cyrtodiopsis, from southeast Asia. Stalk-eyed flies are ideally suited for this work because populations that exhibit hybrid sterility, selfish sex chromosomes and variable genetic divergence are available for study.

该项目旨在测试生殖隔离进化的两种可供选择的遗传机制。一种可能性假设自私基因竞争通过精子传播，而另一种可能性假设促进男性受精的拮抗基因对女性生殖有负面影响。这两个过程都可能导致种群内的遗传军备竞赛，这可能导致种群之间的杂交是不育的。自私基因假说将通过定位杂交不育因素来验证，以确定它们是否接近影响自私X染色体传递的因素，并通过比较染色体区域之间的DNA序列进化来验证。通过比较男性和女性生殖和非生殖特征的进化速度，以及确定精子竞争能力是否取决于种群之间的遗传差异，将检验拮抗基因假说。确定生殖隔离是如何进化的，对于理解物种的起源至关重要。这里提出的这项研究值得注意，因为将评估生殖隔离的替代遗传机制，并将利用东南亚的茎眼苍蝇属的孤立种群。茎眼苍蝇非常适合这项工作，因为表现出杂交不育、自私的性染色体和可变遗传差异的种群可以进行研究。