Fundamentals of Protein Transport in Charged Gels for Chromatography and Membrane Applications

ctc -0079334乔治·卡特（giorgio carta）弗吉尼亚大学用于色谱和膜应用的带电凝胶中蛋白质转运的基础。重点放在通过在多孔基质和其他刚性结构中原位合成的支撑凝胶上。正在研究下列性质：(i)离子凝胶的粒径排除性、水动力渗透性和电学性质；（ii）通过同位素交换和放射自显影方法测量离子凝胶中的蛋白质和电解质分配和迁移率；(3)利用直接微观可视化方法和宏观测量，在毛细管和多孔颗粒中稳定的离子凝胶中，单蛋白吸附和多组分系统的相互扩散速率。实验数据被用于建立描述离子凝胶中蛋白质运输的速率模型，并且速率理论被纳入柱层析模型，以预测和优化实际介质的分离性能。另一个目标是开发基于负载离子凝胶的新型膜，以影响蛋白质分离。本研究的总体目标是对反向带电离子聚合物水凝胶中蛋白质转运的基本理解，为合理开发生物技术应用的有效介质奠定基础。聚合物水凝胶在这一领域具有许多当前和潜在的用途。虽然中性水凝胶作为尺寸排除介质，但与聚合物主链结合的固定电荷引入了从稀释溶液可逆积累大分子的能力。因此，离子水凝胶可以用于蛋白质分离的色谱和膜过程，用于药物的透皮递送，作为长期递送治疗剂的植入式载体，以及作为诊断仪器中的元件。了解带电大分子的输运性质是优化设计这些材料的关键。这项研究还将通过学生的参与对教育和人力资源的发展产生重大影响，并将促进生物技术的发展。分离和纯化通常被认为是工业生物加工中成本最高的步骤。因此，开发用于分离的改进的色谱固定相和膜以及培养这一领域的科学家和工程师是至关重要的。

CTS-0079334Giorgio CartaUniversity of Virginia Fundamentals of Protein Transport in Charged Gels for Chromatography and Membrane ApplicationsAbstractThis project examines protein transport in charged hydrogels prepared for chromatography and membrane applications. The focus is placed on supported gels made by synthesizing them in situ within porous matrices and other rigid structures. The following properties are being investigated: (i) Size exclusion, hydrodynamic permeability, and electrical properties of supported ionic gels; (ii) Protein and electrolyte partitioning and mobility in ionic gels measured through isotope exchange and autoradiography methods; and (iii) Interdiffusion rates for single-protein adsorption and for multicomponent systems in ionic gels stabilized in capillaries and in porous particles using both direct microscopic visualization methods and macroscopic measurements. The experimental data are being used to develop rate models to describe transport of proteins in ionic gels, and the rate theories are incorporated in models for column chromatography to predict and optimize separation performance with practical media. An additional goal is to develop novel membranes based on supported ionic gels to effect protein separations.The overall goal of this research is a fundamental understanding of protein transport in oppositely charged ionic polymeric hydrogels to serve as a basis for the rational development of effective media for biotechnological applications. Polymeric hydrogels have many current and potential uses in this field. While neutral hydrogels serve as size-exclusion media, incorporation of a fixed charge, bound to the polymer backbone introduces the ability to accumulate macromolecules reversibly from dilute solutions. Ionic hydrogels can thus be used in chromatographic and membrane processes for protein separations, for the transdermal delivery of drugs, as implantable vehicles for the long-term delivery of therapeutic agents, and as elements in diagnostic instruments. Understanding the transport properties of charged macromolecules is a key to the optimum design of these materials. The research will also have significant impact on education and development of human resources through the involvement of students and will enhance the development of biotechnology. Separation and purification are generally thought to be the costliest steps in industrial bioprocessing. Hence, the development of improved chromatographic stationary phases and membranes for separations and the education of scientists and engineers in this field are crucial.