Long-term measurements of near-surface turbulent fluxes in the Arctic environment - additional laser Scintillometer measurement campaign 2009 at Ny-Alesund on Svalbard (ARCTEX-2009)

在极地环境中，地面和大气边界层之间的湍流通量的精确量化是土壤-雪-冰-植被-大气相互作用研究中的一个基本问题，其特征是天气和交换条件（稳定到非常稳定或间歇性（快速），短期中性到不稳定分层条件）的频繁变化。观察到的北极地区气候迅速变暖，需要改善对永久冻土和碳循环的监测。为了解决这些问题，它是必不可少的，以提高数据库的高品质的湍流通量以上的典型模式的苔原景观表面应用涡度协方差法和激光闪烁测量的原位测量。2006年在斯瓦尔巴特群岛进行的北极湍流实验的结果有助于更好地了解能量和物质运输的物理交换过程，提高仪器标准和质量评估技术。因此，这一额外的激光闪烁计测量活动的主要目标是估计在夏季期间覆盖巴耶尔瓦流域的典型苔原表面的通量贡献西南的Ny-Kongsfjord，斯瓦尔巴群岛。这一努力使得有可能确定的空间背景下的通量，并包括周围地形的土地利用特征的质量评估的整个AWI观测在巴耶尔瓦流域在过去的10年。

Accurate quantification of turbulent fluxes between the surface and the atmospheric boundary layer in polar environments, characterized by frequent change of weather and exchange conditions (stable to very stable or intermittent (rapid, short term neutral to unstable stratified conditions, is a fundamental problem in soil-snow-ice-vegetation-atmosphere interaction studies. The observed rapid climate warming in the Arctic requires improvements in the permafrost and carbon cycle monitoring. To address these problems, it is essential to improve the databases with high-quality in-situ measurements of turbulent fluxes above typical pattern of tundra landscape surfaces applying the Eddy-Covariance method and the laser Scintillometry. Results from the Arctic Turbulence Experiment 2006 on Svalbard helped to better understand physical exchange processes of energy and matter transport and to improve instrumentation standards as well as quality assessment techniques. Therefore, the primary goal of this additional laser Scintillometer measurement campaign is to estimate the flux contributions covering typical tundra surfaces across the Bayelva catchment during a summer season south-west of the Ny-Ålesund village, Kongsfjord, Svalbard. This effort makes it possible to define the spatial context of the fluxes, and to include land use features of the surrounding terrain in the quality assessment of the whole AWI observations in the Bayelva catchment over the last 10 years.