Support for the NAS/NRC Committee on Geography and for U.S. Participation in International Geographical, Psychological, and History of Science Unions

随着科学研究的焦点和性质变得更加全球化，人们越来越重视制定框架，通过这些框架，来自不同国家的科学家可以共同努力，促进基础知识的发展。促进这种合作的科学基础设施的一个关键部分是国际科学理事会(科学理事会)及其22个成员科学联盟。这一奖项为美国参与其中三个工会提供了支持。为美国参加国际地理联盟和美国国家科学院/国家研究理事会地理委员会的运作提供了五年的支持，该委员会是国际地理联盟的美国国家委员会。为美国参加国际心理科学联合会(IUñS)和美国国际心理科学全国委员会的运作提供一年的支持，为美国参加国际科学史和科学哲学联合会(IUHPS)提供一年的支持。除了与这三个国际科学联合会有关的活动外，该奖项还为地理委员会的其他活动提供核心支持。该委员会的总体目标是澄清和确定地理研究的优先事项；确定地理在重大政策问题中的作用；支持和保证地理教育内容的质量；鼓励和促进地理学家参与政府间大学。为了实现前三个目标，该委员会参与了一系列独立资助的研究，包括研究基于地点的决策所需的数据；美国地质调查局在地理方面的研究重点，以及儿童发展空间思维的过程。该奖项将促进旨在增加和加强美国科学家在地理和心理科学家以及历史学家和科学哲学家的国际合作活动中的参与的活动。这些合作将补充美国和其他地方的研究和教育努力，并促进全球科学界的持续发展。该奖项还将帮助地理委员会继续努力，以更好地满足学者、从业者、教育工作者和学生以及政府决策者和整个公众的需求的方式，集中和产生地理调查和教育。

As both the foci and the character of scientific inquiries have become more global in nature, increasing attention is being given to developing frameworks through which scientists from different nations may work together to advance fundamental knowledge. A critical part of the scientific infrastructure fostering such collaborations is the International Council for Science (ICSU) and its 22 member scientific unions. This award provides support for U.S. participation in three of those unions. Five years of support are provided for U.S. participation in the International Geographical Union and for operations of the Committee on Geography at the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council, which serves as the U.S. National Committee for the IGU. One year of support is provided for U.S. participation in the International Union of Psychological Sciences (IUPsyS) and for operations of the U.S. National Committee for the IUPsyS, and one year of support is provided for U.S. participation in the International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science (IUHPS). In addition to activities associated with these three international scientific unions, this award also provides core support for other activities of the Committee on Geography. The overall goals of this committee are to clarify and set priorities for geography research; to identify the role of geography in major policy issues; to support and assure the quality of geography content in education; and to encourage and facilitate the involvement of geographers in the IGU. In pursuit of the first three goals, the committee is engaged in a series of independently funded studies, including studies that examine data needs for place-based decision making; research priorities in geography at the U.S. Geological Survey, and the processes through which children develop spatial thinking.This award will facilitate activities designed to increase and enhance participation by U.S. scientists in international collaborative activities in the geographic and psychological scientists as well as by historians and philosophers of science. These collaborations will complement research and educational efforts in the U.S. and elsewhere and facilitate continued evolution of a global scientific community. The award also will assist the Committee on Geography in continuing its efforts to focus and generate geographic inquiry and education in ways that will better meet the needs of academics, practitioners, educators, and students as well as government decision makers and the public as a whole.