Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory and Laboratory (MEVOL)

该奖项由极地项目办公室的南极地质和地球物理项目提供，支持继续和扩大南极洲埃里伯斯火山监测项目。埃里伯斯火山是南极洲最活跃的火山，是一个罕见的持续活跃的岩浆系统的例子。这座火山有低喷发活动的历史，与一个高度可达的山顶喷口复合体有关，并以地球上为数不多的长寿熔岩湖之一为特色。这个项目将在埃里伯斯山建立一个跨学科的地球物理/地球化学实验室，以便进行喷发物理学和活火山岩浆补给的相关基础研究。埃里伯斯特别适合实现这一目标，因为它有持久的开放式岩浆系统，频繁的喷发，后勤便利（按南极标准），建立了科学和后勤基础设施，包括实时数据链接，以及相对安全。这项工作的关键集成数据收集组件包括视频监控、地震、次声、多普勒雷达、红外、火山气体和大地测量研究。该项目是美国国家科学基金会支持的“埃里伯斯火山观测站”（MEVO）的更新，并从正在进行的仪器开发奖（主要研究仪器奖MRI-0116577，“用于火山研究的综合地震、大地测量和火山气体监测仪器的开发”）中显著受益，用于在埃里伯斯和其他活火山上开发和部署集成的低功耗、低成本、实时遥测火山监测站。这项活动的智力价值包括在跨学科方法的约束下建立活火山岩浆系统的定量模型，包括喷发能量平衡（重力、爆炸性气体减压、热、地震、声学和动力学成分）和岩浆补给（火山震颤、对流、停留时间、气体排放、变形）的基本问题。该项目将利用mevolb支持的核心人员及其学生（具有地震学、气体研究和一般火山学的专业知识）和部分独立支持的国际公认的火山研究人员（具有红外、多普勒雷达、气体研究和次声的专业知识），为这些过程带来上述数据收集活动的主体。这项研究的更广泛的科学影响是对世界各地各种活火山的基本过程的基本知识作出重大贡献。MEVOLab与上述MRI项目合作，也将为现代化、多样化做出贡献。在世界范围内的火山上（许多火山，特别是发展中国家的火山，很少或没有现代仪器），以及在更大的地震学、大地测量学和其他地球物理团体中开发低功率、低成本的跨学科地球物理观测站。进一步的广泛影响包括对火山学和地球物理学的研究生和本科生的教育，与教师体验南极洲计划一起向高中观众传播信息，并向国家科学基金会和麦克默多行动提供及时的全年监测信息。最后，这项工作将继续通过讲座、媒体互动和回应公众的询问来进行公众宣传，以传达火山学和一般地球科学的兴奋、科学和社会相关性。

This award, provided by the Antarctic Geology and Geophysics Program of the Office of Polar Programs, supports continuation and expansion of the volcano monitoring program on Mount Erebus, Antarctica. Mount Erebus, Antarctica 's most active volcano, is a rare example of a persistently active magmatic system. The volcano has a history of low-level eruptive activity associated with a highly accessible summit vent complex, and features one of Earth 's few long-lived lava lakes. This project will develop an interdisciplinary geophysics/geochemistry laboratory on Mount Erebus, for the purpose of pursuing basic research on the eruption physics and associated magmatic recharge of active volcanoes. Erebus is especially appropriate for this goal because of its persistent open-conduit magmatic system, frequent eruptions, logistical ease of access (by Antarctic standards), established scientific and logistical infrastructure, including real-time data links, and relative safety. Key integrated data gathering components for this work include video surveillance, seismic, infrasound, Doppler radar, infrared, volcanic gas, and geodetic studies. This project is a renewal of the NSF-supported "Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory" (MEVO) and benefits significantly from an underway instrumentation development award (Major Research Instrumentation award MRI-0116577, "Development of Integrated Seismic, Geodetic, and Volcanic Gas Surveillance Instrumentation for Volcanic Research ", to develop and deploy integrated low-power, low cost, real-time-telemetered volcano monitoring stations at Erebus and on other active volcanoes.The intellectual merit of this activity includes developing quantitative models of the magmatic system of an active volcano constrained by interdisciplinary methods, including the fundamental issues of eruptive energy balance (gravity, explosive gas decompression, thermal, seismic, acoustic, and kinetic components), and magma recharge (volcanic tremor, convection, residence time, gas emissions, deformation). This project will bring the aforementioned host of data collection activities to bear on these processes using a combination of core MEVOLab-supported personnel and their students (with specialties in seismology, gas studies, and general volcanology) and partially independently supported and internationally recognized volcano researchers (with specialties in infrared, Doppler radar, gas studies, and infrasound).The broader scientific impact of this research is to contribute substantially to fundamental knowledge of the basic processes of diverse active volcanoes worldwide. MEVOLab, in association with the aforementioned MRI project, would also contribute to the modernization, diversi?cation, and novel application of modern instrumentation on volcanoes worldwide (many volcanoes, particularly in the developing world, have little or no modern instrumentation), and in the development of low-power, low cost interdisciplinary geophysical observatories within the larger seismology, geodesy and other geophysical communities. Further broad impacts include the education of graduate and undergraduate students in volcanology and geophysics, the dissemination of information to high-school audiences in association with the Teachers Experiencing Antarctica program, and providing timely year-round monitoring information to NSF and to McMurdo operations. Finally, this work would continue public outreach through lectures, media interaction, and in responding to inquiries from the general public to convey the excitement, science, and societal relevance of volcanology and general Earth science.