Selbstorganisation von Nanopartikeln an der Grenzfläche von gemischten Lipid/Polymer-Membranen und Polymersomen

该项目涉及三亲性嵌段共聚物的合成及其在混合脂质/聚合物双层膜中的自组装，重点是控制这种混合膜中的结构域大小以及引入生物学上重要的折叠部分。聚合物链的构象连同聚合物疏水性将通过与人工折叠元件（所谓的β-转角）的连接来控制，其与氢键一起将导致两个不相容的聚合物链的构象限制。嵌段共聚物将由作为疏水部分的聚（异丁烯）和经由低分子（非肽）β-转角元件连接的亲氟聚（恶唑啉）或螺旋聚（异氰化物）或聚（异氰酸酯）组成，以使两种不相容的聚合物链能够“折叠”成脂质双层膜。聚合物将通过活性聚合活性（开环）碳阳离子聚合或通过异腈/异氰酸酯的活性聚合来合成，β-转角折叠元件将通过叠氮化物/炔-“点击”-化学引入。随后，这些嵌段共聚物在混合脂质/聚合物双层膜以及单层膜的自组装控制和影响域的大小将进行调查，最重要的是通过共聚焦激光显微镜（CFLM）。为了实现自组装行为的可切换行为，将引入可切换β转角元件，从而允许通过外部刺激调节混合脂质/聚合物双层膜中的结构域尺寸。

The project deals with the synthesis of triphilic blockcopolymers and their self-assembly in mixed lipid/polymer bilayer membranes, with a focus on controlling the domain-sizes in such mixed membranes as well as the introduction of biologically significant folding-parts. The conformation of the polymer chains together with the polymers hydrophobicity will be controlled by linkage with an artificial folding element (the so called beta-turn), which – together with a hydrogen bond – will lead to a conformational restriction of the two, incompatible polymerchains. The blockcopolymer will consist of poly(isobutylene) as hydrophobic part, and either a fluorophilic poly(oxazoline) or a helical poly(isocyanide) or poly(isocyanate), linked via a lowmolecular (nonpeptidic) beta-turn element, so as to enable the “folding” of both incompatible polymerchains into a lipid-bilayer membrane. The polymers will be synthesized via living polymerization living (ring-opening) carbocationic polymerization or via the living polymerization of isocyanides/isocyanates, the beta-turn-folding element will be introduced via azide/alkyne-“click”-chemistry. Subsequently, the self-assembly of these blockcopolymers in mixed lipid/polymer bilayer-membranes as well as monolayer membranes to control and influence the domain sizes will be investigated, most of all via confocal-laser-microscopy (CFLM). In order to achieve a switchable behavior of self-assembly behavior, a switchable beta-turn element will be introduced, thus allowing to modulate the domain-sizes in mixed lipid/polymer bilayer membranes via external stimuli.