Collaborative Research: Mining SCICEX Geophysical Data in the Arctic Ocean to Constrain the Structure and Geologic Development of the Amerasian Basin

这是由拉蒙多尔蒂地球观测站的主要研究人员以及夏威夷和阿拉斯加大学合作提出的一项建议。 1995年至1999年间，美国海军通过SCICEX（SCience ICe EXercise）计划，对北冰洋进行了五次核潜艇巡航，以进行民用科学研究。 1998年和1999年的航行中，海底特征描述和绘图吊舱（SCAMP）仪器包安装在潜艇上，这是一个综合地球物理测量系统，提供重力、条带测深和侧扫以及啁啾海底浅剖面仪数据。 在这两次航行中，获得了北冰洋海底主要地貌的SCAMP地球物理数据。 这些数据被用来确定Gakkel海岭的形态、结构和构造，该海岭作为全球洋中脊系统中扩张最慢的部分占据着极其重要的地位，并通过对北冰洋浅水区的冰川特征进行成像来检验更新世北极冰盖存在的假设。 该项目的目的是继续挖掘这一独特而丰富的数据集，并解决与美亚盆地的起源、结构和发展有关的重要问题。 拟议工作的主要焦点将是罗蒙诺索夫海岭和楚科奇边界，罗蒙诺索夫海岭是横跨北冰洋的一条大陆地壳，将中生代美亚海盆与第三纪欧亚海盆分开，楚科奇边界是延伸大陆地壳伸入加拿大海盆的一个高海拔地区。 对来自美亚盆地的SCICEX数据的地球物理研究强调了这些特征，从而可以调查一个非常简单但尚未回答的极其基本的问题：美亚盆地是如何形成的？盆地的成因和构造发展一直存在很大的争议。 该盆地公布的数据是不确定的，可以用来支持完全不同的模型。 主要研究人员将确定裂谷的结构和类型，并区分不同的模型。 楚科奇边界是一块大陆地壳，伸入美亚盆地。 不同的美亚海盆发展模式提出了边界地带北方和东部（北风陡崖）边缘不同的形成模式。 SCAMP数据将提供必要的数据，以确定边缘的结构和裂谷的形式，并允许进一步测试盆地起源的模型。

AbstractOPP-0240964CochranOPP-0241004CoakleyOPP-0241188EdwardsThis is a collaborative proposal by Principal Investigators at Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory and the Universities of Hawaii and Alaska. Between 1995 and 1999, the U.S. Navy carried out five nuclear submarine cruises to the Arctic Ocean for civilian scientific research through the SCICEX (SCience ICe EXercise) program. The Seafloor Characterization and Mapping Pods' (SCAMP)instrument package, an integrated geophysical survey system providing gravity, swath bathymetry and sidescan, and chirp sub-bottom profiler data was installed on the submarine for the 1998 and 1999 cruises. During those two cruises, SCAMP geophysical data were acquired over the major Arctic Ocean floor features. These data were used to determine the morphology, structure and tectonics of the Gakkel Ridge which occupies a singularly important position as the slowest spreading portion of the global mid-ocean ridge system, and to test the hypothesis of the existence of a Pleistocene Arctic ice sheet by imaging shallow portions of the Arctic Ocean for glaciogenic features. The purpose of this project is to allow continued mining of this unique and rich data set and to address important questions related to the origin, structure and development of the Amerasian Basin. The primary foci of the proposed work will be the Lomonosov Ridge, a sliver of continental crust extending across the Arctic Ocean separating the Mesozoic Amerasian Basin from the Tertiary Eurasian Basin, and the Chukchi Borderland, a high-standing area of extended continental crust jutting into the Canada Basin. Geophysical studies of the SCICEX data from the Amerasian Basin emphasizing those features allow investigation of a very simple, but unanswered and extremely fundamental question: How did the Amerasian Basin come into being? The origin and tectonic development of the basin has been very controversial. Published data from the basin is inconclusive and can be used to support radically different models. Principal Investigators will determine the structure and the type of rifting and distinguish among the different models. The Chukchi Borderland is a block of continental crust protruding into the Amerasian Basin. Different models for the development of the Amerasian Basin propose different modes of formation for the northern and eastern (Northwind Escarpment) margin of the Borderland. SCAMP data will provide the necessary data to determine the structure of the margin and the form of rifting and to allow further tests for the models for the origin of the basin.