Numerical Studies of Thunderstorm Electrification, Maxwell Currents, and Lightning

这个项目继续了早先开始的云的数值模拟研究，包括电荷、电荷分离和闪电的参数化。它包括对穿透风暴的T-28飞机在2000年初夏在堪萨斯州进行的STEPS方案(严重雷暴通电和降水研究)期间收集的云、电和微物理数据的分析。现有的云模型将通过增加更精确的微物理处理来改进，除了电效应，并通过试验非感应充电机制的不同参数来实现。模型将通过与STEP和其他现场计划的雷暴观测进行比较来验证。一个新的目标是计算麦克斯韦电流矢量作为模拟的一部分，作为一种方法来测试将雷暴活动与全球电路联系起来的假设。这项工作通过提供一个全面和自洽的数值模式来促进对雷暴的理解，该模式能够模拟不同环境条件下的充电、闪电和降水。

This project continues the research initiated earlier on the numerical modeling of clouds including parameterizations for electrical charging, charge separation, and lightning. It includes the analysis of cloud electrical and microphysical data collected by the storm-penetrating T-28 aircraft during the STEPS program (Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study) conducted in Kansas in the early summer of 2000. The existing cloud model will be improved by addition of a more accurate treatment of microphysics, apart from electrical effects, and by experimenting with different parameterizations for the non-inductive charging mechanism. The model will be validated by comparison with observations of thunderstorms from STEPS and other field programs. A new objective is to compute Maxwell current vectors as part of the simulations as a way to test hypotheses that relate thunderstorm activity to the global electrical circuit. The work advances the understanding of thunderstorms by providing a comprehensive and self-consistent numerical model that enables the simulation of charging, lightning, and precipitation under different environmental conditions.