Numerical Modeling Studies of Thunderstorm Charging and Lightning Influence on Storm Electricity in Two and Three Dimensions

这项研究的目的是物理的 雷暴带电，包括闪电 排放，使用数值云模型。 制定 最新的实验室结果将指导起霜电荷转移 显示了温度和液态水的重要性 内容 同时，还介绍了冰裂在生产中的意义 还将研究较低的正电荷中心。 闪电参数化方案的改进将 包括传播路径的随机化， 放电附近存在随机自由电子 尖端，在路径中包含尖端电场 计算和模拟的云对地放电。 这些改进和上述改进将纳入 在三维模型中。 我们将计算 将麦克斯韦电流输入我们的分析软件， Krider和Musser（1982）关于 驱动麦克斯韦的电感和非电感过程 电流 将对几个新案例进行建模研究 使用2D和3D模型来检查电气化过程， 各种风暴。

The objective of this research is the physics of electrification of thunderstorms, including the lightning discharge, using a numerical cloud model. The formulation of riming charge transfer will be guided by recent laboratory results showing the significance of both temperature and liquid water content. Also, the significance of ice splintering in producing lower positive charge centers will also be investigated. Improvements in the lightning parameterization scheme will include a randomization of the propagation path based on the presence of random free electrons in the vicinity of the discharge tip, the inclusion of the tip electric field in the path calculation, and a simulation of the cloud-to-ground discharge. These improvements and those mentioned above will be incorporated in the three-dimensional model. We will include a calculation of the Maxwell current into our analysis software to test the inference of Krider and Musser (1982) concerning the role of inductive and noninductive processes in driving the Maxwell current. Modeling studies of several new cases will be undertaken with both 2D and 3D models to examine electrification processes in various storms.