Systematics and Evolution of the tribe Arabideae with special emphasis on the genus Arabis (Brassicaceae)

广义的阿拉伯属只在少数部分作了系统的修订。一些以前属于阿拉伯属的物种现在仅限于Turritis、Pseudoturrits、Boechera或Fourraea等属。其他属，如拟南芥/小豆蔻或硼芥，过去曾被错误地归入阿拉伯属。相比之下，Rhammotophyllum， Pachyneurum或Botschantzevia等属可能最好被放在一个经过修订的Arabideae部落中。以上提到的一些属不是tribe Arabideae的成员，考虑到实际的知识，实际上70 - 140个Arabis种和大约370个Draba属及其最近的亲戚可能代表tribe Arabideae的核心。我们的初步工作表明，德拉巴及其分离主要是单系的，但相反，阿拉伯种主要是作为一组准多系的物种出现的。物种丰富和分布广泛的物种复合体，如阿拉伯毛簇，在过去也曾被错误地解释过，杂交、多倍体化和网状化在许多物种的进化史上显然起着重要作用。在这个项目中，我们旨在分析目前广泛定义的阿拉伯属在整个阿拉伯族背景下的系统学和进化。我们将重建整个部落的系统发育，特别强调更重要的和分布更广泛的物种复合体的进化历史和系统地理，如阿拉伯人的hirsuta-aggregate，红开花的北美阿拉伯人和阿拉伯人高山群在发育和进化研究中发挥着越来越重要的模式作用。阿拉伯属的代表植物分布于北半球所有的高山至山地生境，为研究其适应性状和性状的进化提供了一个理想的系统。

The broadly defined genus Arabis has been revised systematically only in few parts. Some species previously assigned to Arabis are now confined to genera such as Turritis, Pseudoturrits, Boechera or Fourraea. Other genera such as Arabidopsis/Cardaminopsis or Borodinia have been erroneously placed into Arabis in the past. In contrast genera such as Rhammotophyllum, Pachyneurum or Botschantzevia might be best placed in a revised tribe Arabideae. Some of the above mentioned genera are not members of tribe Arabideae, and considering the actual knowledge actually 70 to 140 Arabis species together with approximately 370 species of the genus Draba and its closest relatives might represent the core of tribe Arabideae. Our preliminary work has demonstrated that Draba and its segregates are mostly monophyletic, but in contrast, Arabis species appeared as a largely para- und polyphyletic set of species. Species-rich and widely distributed species complexes such as the Arabis hirsuta-aggregate have been also wrongly interpreted in the past, and it is apparent that hybridization, polyploidization and reticulation play an important role in the evolutionary history of many species. In this project we aim to analyze the systematics and evolution of the currently broadly defined genus Arabis in the context of the whole tribe Arabideae. We will reconstruct the phylogeny of the whole tribe with special emphasis on the evolutionary history and phylogeography of the more important and wider distributed species complexes such as the Arabis hirsuta-aggregate, red-flowering North American Arabis and the Arabis alpina group playing an increasing role as model in developmental and evolutionary research. Representatives of the genus Arabis are distributed in all north-hemispherical alpine to montane habitats and provide an ideal system to study the evolution of adaptive characters and traits.