SGER: Collection and Processing of Satellite Data from the 2003 Tokachi-Oki (Hokkaido) Japan Earthquake for Determination of Permanent Ground Deformation

2003年9月26日发生在日本北海道的东京地震(Mw=8.3)在北海道东海岸造成了严重的土壤液化、地面侧向扩展和斜坡破坏。在距震中100英里处，地面加速度超过0.5g。这一探索性研究小额赠款项目的目标是收集和处理卫星数据，以确定由于土壤沉积物的可压缩性和破坏而引起的永久地面变形的程度和大小。它涉及南加州大学和德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员之间的合作，并将与日本京都大学和早稻田大学的研究人员合作进行。收集的卫星数据包括合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像和高分辨率光学卫星图像。收集的数据将用于(1)利用合成孔径雷达干涉测量和光学卫星图像的解释绘制大片地理区域的地面变形的位置和大小；(2)区分由当地土壤条件(例如液化)和整体构造过程引起的(横向和垂直)地面变形；以及(3)开发现场观测和地面变形的综合地理信息系统模型。这次对大规模岩土特征的调查将补充美国和日本调查人员在震后勘察工作中的现场观察。利用卫星数据有可能提供有关地震后大规模地面变形及其相关损害的独特和补充信息。预计这项研究将在岩土工程方面产生新的成果，这些成果将成为当前遥感系统未来发展和改进的一部分。

The 26 September 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake (Mw = 8.3) in Hokkaido, Japan, caused significant soil liquefaction, ground lateral spreading, and slope failures along the eastern coast of Hokkaido. The ground accelerations exceeded 0.5 g at 100 miles from the hypocenter. The objectives of this SGER (Small Grants for Exploratory Research) project are to collect and process satellite data in order to determine the extent and magnitude of permanent ground deformations resulting from the compressibility and failure of soil deposits. It involves collaboration between researchers at the University of Southern California and the University of Texas at Austin, and will be carried out in collaboration with researchers at Kyoto University and Waseda University in Japan.The satellite data to be collected includes synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images and high-resolution optical satellite images. The collected data will be processed for (1) mapping the location and magnitude of ground deformations over large geographic areas using SAR interferometry and interpretation of optical satellite images; (2) differentiating ground deformations (lateral and vertical) induced by local soil conditions (e.g., liquefaction) and overall tectonic processes; and (3) developing a comprehensive GIS model of field observations and ground deformations. This investigation of large-scale geotechnical features will complement the field observations from the post-earthquake reconnaissance work of U.S. and Japanese investigators. The utilization of satellite data has the potential to provide unique and complementary information about large-scale ground deformations and their associated damage after earthquakes. It is expected that this research will yield novel results in geotechnical engineering that will become part of future developments and improvements in current remote sensing systems.