Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling Studies

该项目将研究平流层如何作为来自下方的高频波强迫的综合体，在平流层下部产生长期环流异常，这些异常反过来影响对流层天气和气候。本研究要解决的三个主要问题是：1）地球表面的平流层效应是什么？2)随着气候的变化，对气候会有什么影响？3)平流层效应通过什么机制传递到地球表面？这项工作将使用观测和模型相结合的方法进行，并将侧重于了解平流层环流异常传递到地球表面的动力机制。直接和间接的影响，加上行星和天气尺度的波，被认为是作出重大贡献。还将研究平流层-对流层耦合与准两年振荡、厄尔尼诺南方涛动和副热带急流位置的关系。预计该项目将进一步促进对天气和气候长期变化的了解，因此对社会具有重要的实际效益。

This project will investigate how the stratosphere acts as an integrator of high-frequency-wave forcing from below, creating long-lived circulation anomalies in the lower stratosphere which feed back to affect tropospheric weather and climate. Three major questions to be addressed by this research are: 1) What are the stratospheric effects at Earth's surface? 2) As climate changes, what will the effects be on climate? 3) By what mechanisms are stratospheric effects communicated to Earth's surface? The work will be performed using a combination of observations and models, and will focus on understanding those dynamical mechanisms via which stratospheric circulation anomalies are communicated to the Earth's surface. Direct and indirect effects, coupled with planetary and synoptic-scale waves, are believed to make significant contributions. The relationship of stratosphere-troposphere coupling to the quasi-biennial oscillation, the El Nino Southern Oscillation, and the position of the subtropical jet, will also be studied. This project is expected to result in further advances in understanding the long-term changes in weather and climate, and therefore has important practical benefits to society.