Workshop on the Development of the Language Production System

国家科学基金会将支助2005年10月在亚利桑那大学举办的关于开发语言生成系统的讲习班。现有的研究强调儿童的语音和词汇错误。目前还没有详细的生产系统发展模型。发展心理语言学还没有探索一个不断变化的表现系统是如何与系统运作的知识相互作用的。成人心理语言学已经产生了丰富多样的语言产生模型，可以为发展研究提供信息。这些包括计算上明确的变体。这些模型具有健康的经验基础，并已有效地应用于正常成年人以外的人群（例如，失语症）。然而，他们并没有明确的发展预测。语言产生模式的“发展化”对成人模式和习得研究都有好处。将理论模型应用于以前未研究的人口测试模型。新的理论和经验问题将得到解决。例如，生产系统的各种流程和信息类型是如何建立的？系统如何反映语言特有的细节？在说话者掌握语法和词汇之前，产出系统是否反映了默认选择？其他的好处将来自整合假说展开能力部署语言表征与假设能力为基础的理论。语言习得者需要了解儿童话语的多重影响的性质和程度，包括产生系统本身的影响。根据Dahlem研讨会的模式，本次研讨会将强调对未知的讨论，而不是对最新技术的介绍。计划制作一份研讨会报告和一张相关的教程CD。讲习班的影响力将因这些因素以及针对公休假、论文和会议的活动而得到加强。该讲习班将鼓励学生和妇女参加。与儿童发展相关的学术领域往往比许多其他科学领域包括更多的妇女。由于认知科学在很大程度上忽视了发展中的语言产生系统，拟议的研讨会的另一个影响将是指导新的跨学科研究到一个未开发的领域。这项研究的一个合理的预测是进入第二语言习得和教学的更多应用领域。

The National Science Foundation will support a workshop on the development of the language production system, to be held in October 2005 at the University of Arizona. Existing research on this system emphasizes children's phonological and lexical errors. There is still no detailed developmental model of the production system. Developmental psycholinguistics has not explored how a changing performance system interacts with the knowledge that the system operates on. Adult psycholinguistics has yielded richly diverse models of language production that can inform developmental study. These include computationally explicit variants. The models have healthy empirical underpinnings and have been usefully applied to populations other than normal adults (e.g., aphasics). Yet, they do not articulate developmental predictions. The 'developmentalization' of language production models will benefit both the adult models and acquisition research. Application of theoretical models to a previously unstudied population tests the models. New theoretical and empirical questions will be worked out. For example, how are the production system's various processes and information types built up? How does the system reflect language-particular details? Before a speaker has mastered a grammar and lexicon, does the production system reflect default choices? Other benefits will come from integrating hypotheses about an unfolding capacity to deploy linguistic representations with hypotheses from competence-based theories. Language acquisitionists need to understand the nature and extent of the multiple influences on children's utterances, including effects of the production system itself. Following the Dahlem Workshop Model, this workshop will emphasize discussion of the unknown over presentations on the state of the art. A workshop report and an associated tutorial CD are planned. The workshop's impact will be enhanced by these elements, as well as by activities aimed at sabbaticals, theses/dissertations, and conferences. The workshop will encourage students and feature women. Academic fields associated with child development tend to include more women than many other sciences. As the cognitive sciences have largely neglected the developing language production system, another impact of the proposed workshop will be to direct new interdisciplinary research to an unexplored area. A plausible projection of this research is into the more applied areas of second language acquisition and teaching.