Electronic and Atomistic Effects in Quantum Structures

由于电子的几何约束和边界效应，表面、薄膜和自组织表面结构可以表现出与它们的体相对应的显著不同的有趣和有用的性质。基础量子物理是纳米科学和技术的基石，纳米科学和技术是一种基础广泛的跨学科企业，与材料、设备和技术的进步高度相关。尤其是薄膜，因为它们被广泛应用于器件和涂层，所以具有根本的意义。它们还提供了一条连接表面和散体材料的研究途径。本项目旨在系统地研究薄膜的电子结构及其与物理性质的关系，包括晶格结构、应变、热稳定性、功函数、表面能、吸附、电子-声子耦合和超导电性。重点将放在高度完美、原子均匀的薄膜上，这些薄膜现在可以常规制备。拟议的工作将包括威斯康星州斯托顿同步辐射中心的光电子发射，以及阿贡国家实验室高级光子源的X射线散射和衍射。与研究工作相结合的是对学生和博士后助理的教育和培训，以及通过出版物、讲座、设施参观和合作项目向更广泛的社区推广。由于电子的几何限制和边界效应，超薄膜可以显示出与块状薄膜明显不同的有趣和有用的特性。基本的量子物理是纳米科学和技术的基石，纳米科学和技术是一项基础广泛的跨学科事业，对国家具有重要意义，而且存在激烈的国际竞争。薄膜被广泛应用于器件和涂层中，薄膜性能的完善是全球寻求材料、器件和技术进步的关键问题。这个项目的目的是对薄膜的电子结构以及与物理性质的联系，包括电学特性、晶格应变、稳定性和超导电性，逐个原子和逐层地进行基本的了解。重点将放在高度完美、原子均匀的薄膜上，这些薄膜现在可以常规制备。拟议的工作将包括在威斯康星州斯托顿的同步辐射中心进行的光谱测量，以及在阿贡国家实验室的高级光子源进行的X射线测量。与研究工作相结合的是对学生和博士后助理的教育和培训，以及通过出版物、讲座、设施参观和合作项目向更广泛的社区推广。

Surfaces, thin films, and self-organized surface structures can exhibit interesting and useful properties markedly different from their bulk counterparts due to geometric confinement of electrons and boundary effects. The underlying quantum physics is a cornerstone for nanoscale science and technology which is a broadly based interdisciplinary enterprise highly relevant to the advancement of materials, devices, and technologies. Thin films, in particular, are of fundamental interest, as they are widely employed in devices and coatings. They also provide a research path bridging surfaces and bulk materials. This project aims at a systematic study of the electronic structure of thin films and the connection to physical properties including lattice structure, strain, thermal stability, work function, surface energy, adsorption, electron-phonon coupling, and superconductivity. Emphases will be placed on highly perfect, atomically uniform films that can now be routinely prepared. The proposed work will include photoemission at the Synchrotron Radiation Center in Stoughton, Wisconsin, and x-ray scattering and diffraction at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Integrated with the research effort is education and training of students and postdoctoral associates, as well as outreach to the broader community through publications, lectures, facilities tours, and collaborative projects.%%%%Ultra thin films can exhibit interesting and useful properties markedly different from their bulk counterparts due to geometric confinement of electrons and boundary effects. The underlying quantum physics is a cornerstone for nanoscale science and technology which is a broadly based interdisciplinary enterprise that is of national importance and where there is intense international competition. Thin films are widely employed in devices and coatings, and perfection of thin film properties is a critical issue in the worldwide quest for advancement of materials, devices, and technologies. This project aims at a fundamental understanding, atom-by-atom and layer-by-layer, of the electronic structure of thin films and the connection to physical properties including electrical characteristics, lattice strain, stability, and superconductivity. Emphases will be placed on highly perfect, atomically uniform films that can now be routinely prepared. The proposed work will include spectroscopy measurements at the Synchrotron Radiation Center in Stoughton, Wisconsin, and x-ray measurements at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Integrated with the research effort is education and training of students and postdoctoral associates, as well as outreach to the broader community through publications, lectures, facilities tours, and collaborative projects.