Grand Challenges for a Sustainable Chemical Enterprise

摘要-0516980美国国家科学院随着公司努力确保其长期生存能力，政府努力确保国家的完整性，公共和私营部门都试图更好地将可持续发展的概念应用于其战略思维。本项目将使化学和化学工程界参与确定必要的研究目标，使化学工业向可持续产品、工艺和系统过渡。确定有助于向可持续发展过渡的关键研究领域2。传达推动绿色化学的基本原理，并提供数据以证实 需要3.考虑制定一项行动计划，改变课程发展，以满足以下需求： 绿色和可持续化学4.定义推动绿色化学和工程应用的关键技术5。确定研究议程可以解决的关键供应链和/或供应链的部分6。提供一个跨越未来25年的研究路线图方法根据这一建议，资金将用于举办一个研讨会，以确定一系列可持续发展的重大挑战。研讨会的组织委员会将在研讨会上提出结论和建议，这些结论和建议将以公开报告的形式发布，并分发给公共和私营部门的研发决策者。&为了促进应对这些重大挑战的工作，还将作出重大努力，向更广泛的科学和技术界传播这项活动的成果。拟议活动的知识价值在这个项目中，将努力使化学和化学工程界参与将可持续性应用于化学工业。一个基本的想法，或大挑战，将被定义，并提供具体的建议，为联邦和私人科学研究投资，将促进可持续的化学产品，工艺和系统的发展在化学工业。国家研究理事会通过其化学科学和技术委员会非常适合指导此类活动，因为它在科学界是一个中立的备受尊敬的促进者。拟议活动产生的更广泛的影响将可持续性应用于化学工业本质上是为了解决化学和化学工程对社会的更广泛的影响。因此，该项目将考虑旨在优化化学产品和工艺的挑战和研究方向，这些挑战和研究方向涉及环境，经济和社会问题，例如：能源和材料消耗，固有安全性，毒性，环境降解性，成本，公共透明度，产品可用性和公平性。这项工作的核心是为了共同利益，决定如何改善那些进行化学研究的人，那些从事化学商业的人，以及那些愿意或不愿意受到更大的化学和化学工程社区活动影响的人之间的关系。这当然包括考虑如何将可持续发展概念更好地融入每个化学家和化学工程师的基础教育。

ABSTRACT - 0516980National Academy of Science As companies struggle to ensure their long-term viability, and the government struggles to ensure the integrity of the nation, both the public and private sectors are attempting to better apply the concept of sustainability to their strategic thinking. This project will engage the chemistry and chemical engineering community in defining the necessary research objectives that will enable a transition towards sustainable products, processes, and systems for the chemical industry.Objectives for this proposal are to:1. Identify key research areas that will facilitate the transition to sustainability2. Communicate the rationale for driving green chemistry and provide the data to substantiate the need3. Consider a plan of action to effect change in curriculum development to meet the demand for green and sustainable chemistry4. Define key enabling technologies that drive the application of green chemistry and engineering5. Identify key supply chains and or parts of a supply chain that the research agenda can address6. Provide a research roadmap to the future which spans the next 25 yearsMethodsUnder this proposal, funds will be utilized to hold a workshop to define a set of Grand Challenges for sustainability. This workshop will result in findings and recommendations from the workshop's organizing committee, which will be issued in a public report, which will be distributed to R&D decision makers in the public and private sector. Significant effort will also be made to disseminate the results of this activity to the broader science and technical community in order to stimulate work to address these Grand Challenges.Intellectual Merit of Proposed ActivityIn this project, efforts will be made to engage the chemistry and chemical engineering community in applying sustainability to the chemical industry. A foundational body of ideas, or Grand Challenges, will be defined, and specific recommendations will be provided for federal and private scientific research investment that will advance the development of sustainable chemical products, processes, and systems in the chemical industry. The National Research Council, through its Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology is well suited to guide such an activity because it serves as a neutral well-respected facilitator in the scientific community.Broader Impacts Resulting from the Proposed ActivityApplying sustainability to the chemical industry is inherently directed at addressing the broader impacts of chemistry and chemical engineering on society. This project will thus consider the challenges and research directions aimed at optimizing chemical products and processes with respect to environmental, economic, and societal concerns, for example: energy and material consumption, inherent safety, toxicity, environmental degradability, cost, public transparency, product availability, and equity. At the core of this effort will be-for the benefit of the common good-determining how to improve the relationship between those who conduct chemical research, those who engage in the commerce of chemistry, and those who willingly or not become impacted by the activities of the greater chemistry and chemical engineering community. This will certainly include a consideration of how sustainability concepts can be better integrated into the fundamental education of every chemist and chemical engineer.