Benchmarking the Research Competitiveness of the U.S. in Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering

对标美国化学、化学工程和机械工程研究竞争力

• 批准号: 0534814
• 负责人: Dorothy Zolandz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: National Academy of Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-15 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0534814&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Benchmarking; Research; Competitiveness; U.S.; Chemistry

ABSTRACT - 0534814National Academies of ScienceObjectivesThe National Academies will perform a benchmarking exercise to determine the standing of the U.S. research enterprise relative to its international peers in chemistry, chemical engineering and mechanical engineering.MethodsFollowing the process established in Experiments in International Benchmarking of U.S.Research Fields (The National Academies Committee on Science, Engineering, andPublic Policy, 2000), U.S. chemistry, chemical engineering, and mechanical engineeringresearch will be benchmarked by appropriate panels which will consider both quantitativeand qualitative measures of the status of each discipline. Each benchmarking exercisewill address the following:__What is the position of US research in the field relative to that in other regions or countries?__What are the key factors influencing relative US performance in the field (i.e., human resources, equipment, infrastructure, etc.)?__On the basis of current trends in the United States and worldwide, extrapolate to the US relative position in the near and longer-term future. Benchmarking panels of approximately 10 individuals will be appointed for each of the three disciplines. Benchmarking measures to be used by each panel may include:__The "virtual congress." Panel asks leading experts internationally to identify the "best of the best" who they would invite if asked to put together the leading conference in their subfield.__Citation analysis.__Journal-publication analysis (submissions by US authors versus non-US authors).__Quantitative data analysis, i.e. trends in number of degrees, employment, etc.__Prize analysis.__International congress speakers. A brief report detailing the conclusions and their basis will be produced by each panel.Intellectual Merit of the Proposed Activity Before addressing questions of how these disciplines must shift to meet future needs, it is imperative to understand where the disciplines currently are with respect to their health and international standing. No exercise comparing the quality and health of the US research enterprise in the specific fields of chemistry, chemical engineering, or mechanical engineering has been conducted in recent years, if ever.Broader Impacts of the Proposed Activity The proposed activity will enhance the infrastructure for research and education by providing policy makers, funders, and leaders of the respective communities with quality information and judgments to guide future investments and programs.

摘要-0534814美国国家科学院目标美国国家科学院将进行一次基准测试，以确定美国研究企业相对于其在化学、化学工程和机械工程领域的国际同行的地位。（美国国家科学院科学、工程和公共政策委员会，2000年），美国化学、化学工程和机械工程研究将由适当的小组进行基准测试，这些小组将考虑每个学科的定量和定性测量。每个基准测试都将解决以下问题：__美国在该领域的研究相对于其他地区的研究处于什么地位， 国家？__影响美国在该领域相对表现的关键因素是什么（即， 人力资源、设备、基础设施等）？根据美国和全世界目前的趋势， 美国在近期和长期的相对地位。 将为这三个学科中的每一个学科任命约10人组成的基准小组。每个小组采用的基准衡量措施可包括：专家组要求国际上的主要专家确定“最佳 最好的“谁，他们会邀请，如果要求把领导会议， 子领域__引文分析。期刊出版物分析（美国作者与非美国作者提交的论文）。定量数据分析，即学位数量、就业等趋势__奖金分析。国际会议发言人。每个小组将编写一份简要报告，详细说明结论及其依据。拟议活动的知识价值在讨论这些学科必须如何转变以满足未来需求的问题之前，必须了解这些学科目前的健康状况和国际地位。近年来，美国在化学、化学工程或机械工程等特定领域的研究企业的质量和健康状况没有进行过比较，如果有的话。拟议活动的更广泛影响拟议活动将通过为政策制定者、资助者、和各自社区的领导人提供高质量的信息和判断，以指导未来的投资和计划。