NSWP: Space Weather--Three-Dimensional Models of Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) Onset and Evolution

作者计划了一系列的三维(3D)分析和数值项目，以研究日冕物质抛射(CME)的触发，并模拟日冕物质抛射开始后日冕磁场的演变。拟议的分析工作将从PI最近的初步结果开始，全面发展3D线系磁绳模型，以探索这种构型的平衡和稳定性的后果。解析模型是从提托夫和德穆林[1999]提出的三维平衡磁构型推导出来的，PI已扩展到允许磁绳的线系运动。提出者将确定这种磁绳的平衡性质，当它的足点固定在太阳表面时，然后获得导致爆发的模型条件，并最终评估可用于驱动日冕物质抛射的能量。PI打算修改最初的提托夫和德穆林模型，以提供研究不同的平衡损失、突破和系绳切断机制的能力。拟议的分析和数值工作还将产生喷发期间的3D日冕磁场模型。提出者将分析这些场的预测连通性，以得出可观测特征的结构和演化，如S型、CME带和瞬变冕洞。这项工作将最终解释日冕磁能的突然释放是如何触发的，从而导致CME的爆发。PI和Co-PI将指导两名博士生，他们得到了国家科学基金的其他资助。这里提出的研究将通过这项工作与他们各自独立但相关的论文项目的密切互动，为这些学生的教育提供信息和丰富。

The proposers plan a series of three-Dimensional (3D) analytical and numerical projects to investigate the triggering of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and to model the evolution of the coronal magnetic field following CME onset. The proposed analytical work would fully develop a 3D line-tied flux rope model, starting from the PI's recent preliminary results, in order to explore the consequences for equilibrium and stability of this configuration. The analytical model is derived from the 3D equilibrium magnetic configuration presented by Titov & Demoulin [1999], which the PI has extended to allow for line-tied motions of the flux rope. The proposers would determine the equilibrium properties of such a magnetic flux rope when its footpoints remain anchored in the solar surface, then obtain the model conditions leading to eruption, and ultimately evaluate the energy available to drive the CME. The PI intended to modify the initial Titov & Demoulin model to provide the capability to study different loss-of-equilibrium, breakout, and tether-cutting mechanisms. The proposed analytical and numerical work would also produce models of the 3D coronal magnetic field during the eruption. The proposers would analyze the predicted connectivity of these fields to yield the structure and evolution of observable features such as sigmoids, CME ribbons, and transient coronal holes. This work will ultimately explain how the sudden release of coronal magnetic energy is triggered to cause the onset of a CME. The PI and Co-PI will supervise two PhD students who are supported by other grants from National Science Foundation. The research proposed here will inform and enrich the education of those students, through the close interaction of this work with their separate, but related, thesis projects.