Doctoral Dissertation Research: Hollywood and the International Division of Labor

好莱坞的电影产业正在经历一场变革性的转变。自20世纪90年代末以来，电影产业在特定劳动任务的地点经历了显著的空间重新定位。根据好莱坞报道和综艺的行业信息，加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、捷克和南非等国际地点已经成为洛杉矶电影制作最频繁的地点。这个博士论文研究项目将着眼于这些变化来审视电影制作行业的空间重新定义，特别是通过“失控制作”的镜头。将在二次生产中心(新西兰、捷克共和国和南非)的范围内，对澳大利亚和加拿大这两个最大的卫星生产地点进行密切研究，以评估在这些卫星生产地点和好莱坞之间正在进行的产业结构调整的程度。这项调查的目的是(1)评估好莱坞分权的速度及其原因，(2)分析失控任务包不断变化的质的性质，(3)讨论卫星制作中心的竞争优势，(4)分析卫星制作中心转移的空间模式，(5)评估目前和未来的电影国际分工，(6)分析好莱坞和卫星制作中心的政策背景。研究战略基于数据收集的四个组成部分：(1)对目前在五大卫星制作地点拍摄的项目的调查，(2)卫星制作中心的制作公司地图，(3)对加拿大(多伦多和温哥华)和澳大利亚(墨尔本和悉尼)的制作公司和制片厂的采访，以及(4)澳大利亚和加拿大背景下的机构/机构采访。该项目将通过展示生产职能如何在国际上变得更加空间差异来扩展Froebel的新的国际分工的概念，“线下”职能发生在外国卫星地点。这个项目预计将为关于目前寻求更便宜劳动力市场的公司输出劳动力任务的辩论提供信息。通过调查目前电影制作的流动性，这项研究将告诉人们，制作地点转移到其他全球地点的存在，这些地点越来越表现出类似的制作地点特征。这项研究的影响并不局限于电影行业。在服装、金融、软件设计、保险、电信以及各种制造业和服务业等领域，劳动力的国际转移也变得越来越明显。作为博士论文研究改进奖，该奖项还将提供支持，使有前途的学生建立一个强大的独立研究生涯。

The motion picture industry in Hollywood is undergoing a transformative shift. Since the late 1990s, the motion picture industries have been experiencing significant spatial re-positioning in the location of specific labor tasks. According to industry information from the Hollywood Reporter and Variety, international locations such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Czech Republic, and South Africa have emerged as the most frequent locations for motion picture productions originating from Los Angeles. This doctoral dissertation research project will examine the spatial redefinition of the motion picture production industry with an eye to these changes, specifically through the lens of "runaway production". The two top satellite production locations, Australia and Canada, will be studied closely but within the context of the secondary production centers (New Zealand, Czech Republic and South Africa) to assess the extent that industrial restructuring in these locations is taking place, both between these satellite production locations and Hollywood. The objectives of this investigation are (1) to assess the rate of decentralization from Hollywood and its causes, (2) to analyze the changing qualitative nature of runaway task packages, (3) to discuss the competitive advantages of satellite production centers, (4) to analyze the shifting spatial pattern of the satellite production centers, (5) to assess the present and future international division of labor in film and (6) to analyze the policy context of Hollywood and the satellite production centers. The research strategy is based on four components for data collection: (1) a survey of current projects filming in the top five satellite production locations, (2) mapping of production companies in satellite production centers, (3) interviews with production companies and studios in Canada (Toronto and Vancouver) and Australia (Melbourne and Sydney), and (4) institutional/agency interviews for the Australian and Canadian contexts.This project will expand on Froebel's concept of the new international division of labor by showing how production functions are becoming more spatially differentiated internationally, with "below-the-line" functions taking place in foreign satellite locations. This project is expected to inform debates about the current exportation of labor tasks by companies who are seeking cheaper labor markets. By investigating the current mobility of motion picture production, the research will inform the presence of production relocation to other global locations which are increasingly exhibiting similar production location traits. The impact of this study is not limited to the motion picture industry. International shifts in labor are also becoming evident in sectors such as clothing, finance, software design, insurance, telecommunications and a variety of manufacturing and service industries. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement award, this award also will provide support to enable a promising student to establish a strong independent research career.