US-Japan Joint Seminar: Nanoscale Transport Phenomena - Science and Engineering

该奖项支持美国科学家参加将在日本松岛举行的关于纳米尺度热物理和能量转换领域的科学和技术问题的美日联合研讨会。联合组织者是夏洛茨维尔弗吉尼亚大学的帕梅拉·诺里斯教授、仙台东北大学的大原拓教授和日本东京工业大学的冈崎健。美国和日本都坚定地致力于纳米技术。近年来，对纳米尺度物理现象的探索、理解和控制受到了极大的关注。研究表明，当金属、半导体和陶瓷等无机材料是1-100 nm范围内的纳米结构时，它们表现出块状甚至微结构材料所没有的独特物理性质。在有机材料领域，很明显，宽度只有1-10纳米的蛋白质和核酸具有独特的生物功能，这些功能现在正在缓慢地被解开。设计通过生物分子与特定受体的反应或通过电或流体驱动的传输来分析生物分子的微型设备是生物技术的一个重要方面。为了促进这一领域的研究，美国政府启动了国家纳米技术倡议，作为主要的研究推动力。虽然过去的许多工作都是为了了解纳米结构的电子和材料行为，但纳米结构和纳米器件的热物理以及微/纳米器件中的生物分子输运现象还没有得到类似的关注。联合组织者在该领域拥有互补的科学专业知识。这使他们能够评估并吸引最好的科学和工程研究人员参与。日本科学家领导着纳米尺度传输现象的分子模拟领域，美国科学家领导着大部分实验工作，这是模型验证所必需的。然而，多年来，这一差距已经缩小，希望这次会议将继续利用两个小组的巨大优势，推动纳米尺度热物理和能量转换科学的发展。研讨会主办方特别努力让年轻的教授、博士后、研究生和本科生作为参与者和观察员。与该领域的日本专家交换想法和数据将使美国参与者能够推进他们自己的工作，并将为未来的合作项目奠定基础。研讨会结束后，组织者计划建立一个研讨会网页。预计会议记录将发表在《微尺度热物理工程》上。

0532123NorrisThis award supports the participation of American scientists in a U.S.-Japan joint seminar on science and technology issues in the area of nanoscale thermophysics and energy conversion to be held in Matsushima, Japan. The co-organizers are Professor Pamela Norris at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Professor Taku Ohara at Tohoku University in Sendai and Ken Okazaki at the Tokyo Institute of Technology in Japan. Both the US and Japan are deeply committed to nanotechnology. Exploration, understanding, and control of physical phenomena at the nanometer scales have received intense attention in recent years. Research has shown ample evidence that when inorganic materials such as metals, semiconductors, and ceramics are nanostructures in the 1-100 nm range, they exhibit unique physical properties that are not found in bulk or even microstrutured materials. In the realm of organic materials, it is quite apparent that proteins and nucleic acids that are only 1-10 nm in width have unique biological functions, which are now slowly being unraveled. Designing microdevices that analyze biomolecules through their reaction with specific receptors or through electrically or fluidically driven transport is an important aspect of biotechnology. To facilitate research in this area, the National Nanotechnology Initiative was started by the US government as a major research thrust. Although a lot of effort in the past has been directed towards understanding the electronic and materials behavior of nanostructures, the thermophysics of nanostructures and nanodevices as well as biomolecular transport phenomena in micro/nanodevices have not receive comparable attention. The co-organizers have complementary scientific expertise in the field. This enables them to evaluate and attract the best science and engineering researchers to participate. The Japanese scientists lead the field of molecular simulation of nanoscale transport phenomena and the US scientists lead much of the experimental efforts, which are required for model validation. However, this gap has decreased over the years and it is hoped that this meeting will continue to utilize the great strengths of both groups to advance the science of nanoscale themophysics and energy conversion. The seminar organizers have made a special effort to involve young professors, postdocs, graduate students and undergraduate students as both participants and observers. The exchange of ideas and data with Japanese experts in the field will enable U.S. participants to advance their own work, and will set the stage for future collaborative projects. Following the seminar the organizers plan to establish a workshop web page. It is also anticipated that conference proceedings will be published in "Microscale Thermophysical Engineering."