Atmospheric Boundary Identification and Delineation Experiment II (ABIDE-2)

先进的大气廓线分析和雷达系统将揭示各种大气边界层条件下的收敛边界区特性，包括不稳定的对流边界层、稳定的夜间边界层以及它们之间的过渡。ABIDE-2的主要目标是研究大气边界层中会聚边界区的物理特性（结构和演变），并研究它们对水汽分布、对流起始和深对流的影响。ABIDE-2将努力实现以下目标：1.通过对在广泛的大气条件下形成和演变的会聚边界区进行详细的多传感器案例研究，提高对会聚边界区（特别是水汽增强）物理学的理解。以下三个目标将得到重视：a.将亨茨维尔地区的会聚边界区特性和相关的对流启动与大平原和其他地区的会聚边界区/对流启动特性进行比较，以扩大我们对作为大气层结函数的会聚边界区和对流启动特性的理解; B.调查从不稳定对流边界层到稳定夜间边界层的过渡期间（日落前后2小时）收敛边界区行为的变化; c.在稳定的夜间边界层内检查会聚边界区（和对流启动）的特性。由于从扫描雷达和雷达廓线仪合成气流取决于大气边界层中生物飞行物的散射，因此将研究生物飞行物的特性（垂直和水平速度），包括这些特性的季节和日变化，以评估从扫描多普勒雷达和多普勒风廓线仪得出的气流的准确性。这些目标将利用一组大气剖面测量仪器的连续（24/7）测量来实现，这些仪器包括一个915兆赫雷达剖面仪、一个12通道微波剖面辐射计、一个激光雷达云高计和一个多普勒声雷达;一个C波段双极化多普勒雷达;第二个声雷达;这项研究的更广泛影响将通过改进对受会聚边界区影响的天气现象的预报（例如，对流开始、强风暴和其他危险天气）。此外，这项研究将有助于更好地了解生物飞行物，并根据多普勒雷达和剖面仪的径向速度测量，确定其飞行特性的参数。

Advanced atmospheric profiling and radar systems will disclose convergent boundary zones properties for a variety of atmospheric boundary layer conditions including the unstable convective boundary layer, the stable nocturnal boundary layer, and the transition in between. The principal goal of ABIDE-2 is to examine the physical properties (structure and evolution) of convergent boundary zones in the atmospheric boundary layer, and investigate their impact on the distribution of water vapor, convective initiation, and deep convection. The ABIDE-2 will strive to accomplish the following objectives: 1. Improve understanding of the physics of convergent boundary zones (water vapor enhancements in particular) through detailed, multi-sensor case studies of convergent boundary zones that form and evolve within a wide spectrum of atmospheric conditions. The following three goals will receive emphasis: a. Compare convergent boundary zone properties, and associated convective initiation in the Huntsville region, with convergent boundary zone/convective initiation properties from the great plains and other regions to broaden our understanding of convergent boundary zone and convective initiation properties as a function of atmospheric stratification; b. Investigate changes in convergent boundary zone behavior during the transition period (plus-minus 2 h of sunset) from the unstable convective boundary layer to the stable nocturnal boundary layer; c. Examine convergent boundary zone (and convective initiation) properties within the stable nocturnal boundary layer.2. Because synthesis of airflow from scanning radars and radar profilers depends on scattering from biological fliers in the atmospheric boundary layer, properties of biological fliers (vertical and horizontal velocity) will be investigated, including the seasonal and diurnal variability of these properties, to assess accuracy of airflow derived from scanning Doppler radars and Doppler wind profilers. These goals will be accomplished using continuous (24/7) measurements from a cluster of atmospheric profiling instruments consisting of a 915 MHz radar profiler, a 12-channel microwave profiling radiometer, a lidar ceilometer, and a Doppler sodar; a C-band dual-polarization Doppler radar; a second sodar; and surface instrumentation.The broader impacts of this research will be derived through the potential of improved forecasts of weather phenomena impacted by convergent boundary zones (e.g., convective initiation, severe storms, and other hazardous weather). In addition, this research will contribute to improved understanding of biological flyers and parameterizations of their flight characteristics, based on Doppler radar and profiler radial velocity measurements.