Oxylipin Mediated Crosstalk Governs Maize-Fungal Interactions

主要研究者：Michael V. KolomietsCo-PI：Nancy P. Keller提案编号：NSF 0544428提案标题：Oxylipin介导的串扰控制玉米-真菌相互作用全球种子生产的一个主要限制因素是大量农作物被产生有毒、致畸和致癌真菌毒素的真菌污染。越来越多的证据表明，一个子集的小分子称为氧脂（含氧脂肪酸产生的保守的加氧酶）是重要的种子/真菌/真菌毒素的相互作用。 最近的数据表明，玉米9-脂氧合酶衍生的氧脂在曲霉属和镰刀菌属的孢子和真菌毒素生产中起着关键作用。 这些数据提示了一种假设，即9-脂氧合酶（LOX）衍生物是植物中的易感因子，其作为信号增加玉米中真菌孢子形成和真菌毒素产生。 本研究将检验的中心假设是A.黄曲霉和玉米诱导、拦截和识别彼此的氧脂素，这反过来指导玉米/真菌/真菌毒素相互作用的结果。 这将通过以下方式实现：（1）通过破坏所有对黄曲霉毒素积累的抗性水平相反的玉米品系中的9-LOX基因;（3）通过使用玉米和真菌突变体阐明曲霉/玉米相互作用中对氧脂素的需求。 这项研究预计将产生跨界脂质为基础的信号沟通，控制植物病原体相互作用的结果确凿的证据。 这些结果将是非常重要的意义，更大的科学界参与研究的串扰信号不仅在植物病原体，而且在动物和人类病原体的相互作用。 该提案的更广泛影响可能会导致真菌毒素抗性的产生纳入商业品系中，这对公众、种子行业、玉米种植者和育种者具有重大而直接的意义。 此外，这项建议将导致在植物和真菌遗传学，分子生物学和生物化学的跨学科领域的研究生和博士后研究员的培训和教育，并在实验室和课堂环境中指导本科生。

PI: Michael V. KolomietsCo-PI: Nancy P. KellerProposal Number: NSF 0544428Proposal Title: Oxylipin Mediated Crosstalk Governs Maize-Fungal InteractionsA major constraint of seed production worldwide is contamination of a large number of crops with fungi that produce toxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic mycotoxins. Accumulating evidence suggests that a subset of small molecules called oxylipins (oxygenated fatty acids produced by conserved oxygenases) are important in the seed/fungal/mycotoxin interaction. Recent data suggests that maize 9-lipoxygenase-derived oxylipins play a pivotal role in spore and mycotoxin production by the mycotoxin producing genera Aspergillus and Fusarium. These data prompted a hypothesis that 9-lipoxygenase (LOX) derivatives are susceptibility factors in plants that act as signals to increase fungal sporulation and mycotoxin production in maize. The central hypothesis that will be tested by this study is that A. flavus and maize induce, intercept and recognize each others oxylipins which in turn directs the outcome of the maize/fungal/mycotoxin interaction. This will be accomplished: (1) by disrupting all 9-LOX genes in corn lines that contrast in the level of resistance to aflatoxin accumulation; (2) by disrupting oxylipin-producing oxygenases in A. flavus; and (3) by elucidating the requirement of oxylipins in the Aspergillus/maize interaction using maize and fungal mutants. This study is expected to generate conclusive evidence of cross kingdom lipid-based signaling communication that governs the outcomes of plant-pathogen interactions. These results will be of great significance to a larger scientific community involved in the studies of cross-talk signaling not only in plant-pathogen but also in animal- and human-pathogen interactions. The broader impacts of this proposal could result in production of mycotoxin resistance incorporated into commercial lines that is of great and immediate significance for the general public, seed industry, maize growers and breeders. Furthermore this proposal will result in training and education of graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in cross-disciplinary fields of plant and fungal genetics, molecular biology and biochemistry and mentoring of undergraduates in laboratory and class settings.