Oxidation Processes in Forest Canopies and Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange of Nitrogen Oxides

该项目旨在以萨克拉门托城市羽流及其与中海拔内华达州山脉森林生态系统的相互作用为案例研究，增进对大气氧化过程的了解，并增进对这些森林中发生的大气-生物圈氮交换机制的了解。 具体任务包括：1）开发并随后在现场部署和评估用于探测HONO的新仪器（亚硝酸）; 2）两个为期四个月的实地活动，包括测量NO浓度（一氧化氮），NO2（二氧化氮），HONO，NO3（硝酸根），N2 O 5（五氧化二氮），PN总和（酰基过氧硝酸酯），AN的总和（硝酸烷基酯），HNO 3（硝酸）和NOy（总活性氮），有些在森林冠层的一个以上的高度，沿着与通量的大多数这些物种，以及3）开发新的模型和分析，以解释在实地研究中获得的测量结果，目的是了解大气氮氧化物在调节氧化光化学速率、森林冠层中的化学以及大气-生物圈氮交换机制中的作用。 该项目的最终目标是更好地了解氮氧化物排放对空气污染，气候和生态系统过程的影响。 其他更广泛的影响包括：1）培训妇女和少数民族研究生; 2）本科生参与研究; 3）继续鼓励研究生在K-8学校志愿工作。 该项目是高度合作，并将使伯克利研究生在实地研究期间与其他几个机构的学生接触。 结果和方法将包括在介绍化学类和新材料将准备在物理化学实验室使用。

This project aims at an improved understanding of atmospheric oxidation processes, using the Sacramento urban plume and its interactions with the forest ecosystems of the mid-elevation Sierra Nevada Mountains as a case study, and an improved understanding of the mechanisms of atmosphere-biosphere exchange of nitrogen occurring in those forests. Specific tasks include: 1) development and subsequent field deployment and evaluation of a new instrument for detection of HONO (nitrous acid); 2) two four-month field campaigns including measurements of concentrations of NO (nitric oxide), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), HONO, NO3 (nitrate radical), N2O5 (dinitrogen pentoxide), the sum of PNs (acyl peroxynitrates), the sum of ANs (alkyl nitrates), HNO3 (nitric acid), and NOy (total reactive nitrogen), some at more than one height in the forest canopy, along with fluxes of most of these species, and 3) development of new models and analyses to interpret the measurements obtained in the field studies, with the aim of understanding the role of atmospheric nitrogen oxides in regulating the rates of oxidative photochemistry, chemistry in the forest canopy, and the mechanisms of atmosphere-biosphere exchange of nitrogen. The ultimate goal of the project is to better understand the influence of nitrogen oxide emissions on air pollution, climate, and ecosystem processes. Other broader impacts include 1) training of women and minority graduate students; 2) participation of undergraduates in research; and 3) continued encouragement of graduate student volunteer work in K-8 schools. The project is highly collaborative and will bring Berkeley graduate students into contact with students from several other institutions during the field studies. The results and methodology will be included in an introductory chemistry class and new materials will be prepared for use in the physical chemistry laboratory.