Multi-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Simulations of Chromospheric Dynamics Using a Complete Electrical Conductivity Tensor

磁流体动力学（MHD）过程在太阳色球物理中起着关键作用。 在先前的NSF资助下，PI开发了色球动力学的1.5D MHD模拟，该模型包括完整的空间和时间依赖的电导率张量，重力和可变电离磁化多物种等离子体的能量方程（Kazeminezhad Goodman，2006）。这些努力的动机是理解色球动力学对理解太阳大气动力学至关重要的概念。PI现在计划并行化代码并将现有模型扩展到太阳光球层的下边界。 他将把代码推广到2.5D，并模拟由于MHD和从光球层到较低日冕的冲击波引起的加热速率和流动加速。 他还将模拟光球内部网络中水平局部化，亚分辨率千高斯磁结构的动态，估计它们对加热上覆色球层的贡献，并模拟光球磁通量出现和磁足点剪切对色球动态的影响。 PI的团队计划通过开发1.5维稳态有限厚度冲击波模型以及2.5维线性波模型来估计质子粘度张量的重要性和质子磁化在色球加热中的影响。 这两个模型将包括粘度和电导率张量，建立在PI以前的工作。PI的团队还将贡献他们的时间和研究成果，西弗吉尼亚州高科技联盟基金会的教育计划，为7-9年级和9-16。 这些正在进行的方案分别由国家科学基金会在农村阿巴拉契亚综合信息技术教育（CITERA）和扩大教育发展和信息技术经验途径（Expedite）方案下资助。

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) processes play a key role in solar chromospheric physics. With prior NSF funding, the PI has developed a 1.5D MHD simulation of chromospheric dynamics, based on a model that included a complete space- and time-dependent electrical conductivity tensor, gravity, and an energy equation for magnetized multi-species plasmas of variable ionization (Kazeminezhad & Goodman, 2006). These efforts have been motivated by the concept that understanding chromospheric dynamics was critical to understanding solar atmospheric dynamics.The PI now plans to parallelize the code and extend the existing model to the lower boundary of the solar photosphere. He will generalize the code to 2.5D, as well as simulate the heating rates and flow acceleration due to MHD and shock waves from the photosphere to the lower corona. He also will simulate the dynamics of horizontally localized, sub-resolution kiloGauss magnetic structures in the photospheric inter-network, estimating their contribution to heating the overlying chromosphere, and modeled the effect of photospheric magnetic flux emergence and magnetic footpoint shearing on chromospheric dynamics. The PI's team plans to estimate the importance of the proton viscosity tensor and the effect of proton magnetization in chromospheric heating by developing a 1.5D steady-state, finite thickness shock wave model, as well as a 2.5D linear wave model. Both models will include viscosity and electrical conductivity tensors, building upon previous work by the PI. The PI's team will also contribute their time and research results to the West Virginia High Technology Consortium Foundation's education programs for grades 7-9 and 9-16. These ongoing programs are separately funded by the NSF under the Comprehensive Information Technology Education in Rural Appalachia (CITERA) and Expanding Pathways for Educational Development and Information Technology Experiences (ExPEDITE) programs.