Collaborative Research: IPY: Arctic Great Rivers Observatory (Arctic-GRO)

北极大河观测站项目将评估奥布河、叶尼塞河、勒拿河、科雷马河、育空地区和麦肯齐河的河流成分（化学、同位素、营养物）通量和流量。这些观测结果将用于检验关于这些通量的大小、控制和生态意义的假设，并将提供关于北冰洋主要组分通量的年际变化和趋势的新信息。通过测量这些大陆和北冰洋交界处的主要河流的水和成分的流量，可以有效地评估大陆广大地区发生的变化，从而可以诊断陆地上的环境变化，并预测北极和北大西洋海洋环流和生物地球化学过程即将发生的变化。监测北极大河是任何北极观测站综合计划的重要组成部分，对于了解北极的环境变化至关重要，这是北极气象局的一个目标。数据收集将代表国际和平年时间框架内的一系列活动，并将为今后的调查提供遗留数据。北极-GRO是基于美国，加拿大和俄罗斯科学家之间的强有力的科学合作。它也是北极环极海岸观测网的一个主要组成部分，这是一个国际极地年的总体倡议，旨在将作为国际北极海岸动态项目一部分建立的主要海岸侵蚀监测点与作为国家科学基金会淡水一体化研究一部分建立的主要北极河流采样点联系起来。该项目将与学生合作伙伴项目相联系，并扩大该项目，这是一项涉及K-12学生及其教师在每个采样点的科学和教育工作。教师和他们的学生接受全球变化方面的教育，反过来以比其他方式更高的频率收集选定成分的河流样本，从而提高科学水平。

The Arctic Great Rivers Observatory (Arctic-GRO) project will assess river constituent (chemistry, isotopes, nutrients) fluxes and discharge in the Ob', Yenisey, Lena, Kolyma, Yukon and Mackenzie Rivers. These observations will be used to test hypotheses about the magnitude, controls and ecological significance of these fluxes, and will provide new information on inter-annual variability and trends in the major fluxes of constituents to the Arctic Ocean. By measuring the flux of water and constituents in these key rivers at the junction between the continents and the Arctic Ocean, it is possible to efficiently assess changes occurring across vast regions of the continents that may diagnose environmental change on land, and forecast imminent changes in circulation and biogeochemical processes in the Arctic and North Atlantic oceans. Monitoring the great arctic rivers is an essential component of any comprehensive Arctic Observatory program and is critical for understanding environmental change in the Arctic, a goal of SEARCH. The data collection will represent a pulse of activity within the IPY timeframe and will provide a legacy of data for future investigations. Arctic-GRO is based upon strong scientific collaborations among US, Canadian and Russian scientists. It also represents a major component of the Arctic Circumpolar Coastal Observatory Network (ACCO-Net), an overarching IPY initiative designed to link key coastal erosion monitoring sites established as part of the international Arctic Coastal Dynamics project with major arctic river sampling sites established as part of the NSF Freshwater Integration (FWI) study. The project will link with and extend the Student Partners Project, a science and education effort involving K-12 students and their teachers at each sampling site. Teachers and their students are educated in global change and in turn collect river samples of selected constituents at higher frequencies than would otherwise be possible, thereby improving the science.