National Socialism as Individual and Social Challenge after 1933 and 1945

在其两个部分中，该研究项目仔细审查了1933年至1939年以及战后初期个人对国家社会主义的态度和与之打交道。在这两个时期，国家机构都要求个人决定他们与国家社会主义的关系。因此，国家社会主义既挑战了当代人的自我形象，也挑战了他们惯常的互动方式。该研究项目分析了个人对这些挑战的经历和反应，并试图确定它们对1933和1945年后发生的更广泛的社会变革的意义。第一个项目仔细研究了大量日记和信件样本，询问国家社会党声称从1933年到1939年从根本上改变了德国社会的日常生活世界，以及在多大程度上改变了人们的日常生活世界。此外，它还试图确定人民不断变化的态度和行为是否以及在多大程度上影响了政权实施变革的权力。因此，它专注于日常实践和个人自我形象。第二个项目关注的是在“去纳粹化”过程中个体与国家社会主义的交往。它将去种族主义审判作为一个中心空间，在这个空间里，个人必须处理自己在国家社会主义统治期间的过去，个人传记被重新谈判。特别是，该项目考察了去名目化的制度框架如何影响关于个人的国家社会主义过去的故事，并询问这些叙事在多大程度上影响了后来在国家社会主义下对他们生活的处理。

In its two parts the research project scrutinizes the individual attitudes to and dealings with National Socialism from 1933 to 1939 as well as in the early post-war years. In both periods state institutions demanded that individuals determine their relationships to National Socialism. Thus, National Socialism challenged both the contemporaries' self-images and their accustomed ways of interaction. The research project analyses the individual experiences with and reactions to these challenges and tries to determine their significance for the broader social transformations that took place after 1933 and 1945. Scrutinizing a large sample of diaries and letters, the first project asks if and how far the National Socialist claim to fundamentally alter German society changed people's everyday life-world in the years from 1933 to 1939. In addition, it tries to determine if and in how far the people's changing attitudes and behavior affected the regime's power to implement changes. It thereby concentrates on everyday practices as well as on individual self-images. The second project focusses on the individual dealings with National Socialism in the process of "denazification". It treats denazification trials as a central space in which individuals had to deal with their own past during the National Socialist rule and individual biographies were renegotiated. In particular, the project examines how the institutional framework of denazification affected stories about the individuals' National Socialist past and asks in how far these narratives influenced later treatments of their lives under National Socialism.