Doctoral Dissertation Research: Does Cross-Examination Uncover Deception?

Pi和Co-Pi：Margaret Bull Kovera和Sarah Greahouse标题：博士论文研究：交叉询问是否揭示了欺骗？0752638项目摘要拟议的研究旨在检验目前使用的交叉询问技术在确定证人证词真实性方面的有效性。此外，传统的交叉询问技术将根据基于欺骗检测文献中的技术的交叉询问策略进行测试。在第一阶段，参与者要么目睹邦联成员从公文包中偷走钱包，要么不会受到盗窃的影响。在实验的第二阶段，我们将操纵参与者的动机，让他们要么撒谎，要么说出他们所看到的真相。证人的直接和盘问将在模拟法庭上录制下来，证人要么接受传统的盘问，要么接受基于测谎研究的盘问，要么不接受盘问。在研究的第三阶段，将把对证人的每一次讯问编辑到盗窃审判的更大范围内。模拟陪审员将观看审判过程，为每位证人提供真实的判决，并做出裁决。这个项目的智力价值有三个方面。首先，本研究将首次考察传统的质证方法是否有助于陪审员对证人真实性的判断。第二，由于大多数传统的盘问方法都是基于对人类行为的常识概念，本研究将通过对有效的欺骗检测方法的实证研究来提高盘问中提出的问题的实用性。第三，这项研究将通过检查外行人的真实性判断来扩展传统的欺骗检测，既包括证词涉及被告有罪的个人，也包括其证词证明被告无罪的个人。这项研究将产生更广泛的影响，提供证据表明我们目前发现不可靠证词的方法是否有效，这可能会导致审判程序和分配的司法质量的改善。此外，资助这项提案将为约翰·杰伊刑事司法学院的少数族裔本科生研究助理提供研究经验和指导，约翰·杰伊刑事司法学院是一个种族多元化的学生群体。

PI and Co-PI: Margaret Bull Kovera and Sarah GreathouseTitle: Doctoral Dissertation Research: Does Cross-Examination Uncover Deception? 0752638Project AbstractThe proposed research is designed to examine the effectiveness of currently employed cross-examination techniques in determining the truthfulness of a witness's testimony. In addition, the traditional cross-examination techniques will be tested against cross-examination strategies that are based on techniques derived from the deception detection literature. In the first phase, participants will either witness a confederate steal a wallet from a briefcase or they will not be exposed to the theft. In phase II of the experiment, we will manipulate participants' motivation to either lie or tell the truth about what they saw. Witnesses' direct and cross-examinations will be videotaped in a mock courtroom, and witnesses will either undergo a traditional cross-examination, a cross-examination based on deception detection research, or no cross examination. In phase III of the study each of the witnesses' examinations will be edited into the larger context of a theft trial. Mock jurors will view the trial and provide veracity judgments for each of the witnesses and render a verdict. The intellectual merit of this project is threefold. First, this research will be the first to examine whether traditional cross-examination methods aid jurors' in their judgments of witness truthfulness. Second, as most of the traditional cross-examination methods are based on commonsense notions of human behavior, this study will use empirical research on effective methods for detecting deception to improve the utility of the questions posed during cross-examination. Third, this research will broaden traditional examinations of deception detection by examining laypersons' veracity judgments, both of individuals whose testimony implicates a defendant's guilt and whose testimony exculpates a defendant's innocence. This research will have broader impact by providing evidence about whether our current methods of uncovering unreliable testimony are effective, which could lead to an improvement in trial procedure and the quality of justice dispensed. In addition, funding this proposal will provide research experiences and mentoring for minority undergraduate research assistants at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, an ethnically diverse group of students.