Building and Maintaining Simultaneous Dynamic Relationships in a Virtual Organization: The Case of Virtual Intensive Care Units

虚拟重症监护室（icu）的护士在虚拟团队中工作，虚拟团队的配置和成员是流动的，并且快速变化。他们面临着许多与发展和管理同步动态关系有关的挑战。本研究将探讨信任在这些不同关系中的作用，以及沟通和技术支持对信任和冲突的影响。本文将对虚拟ICU的五个案例进行深入分析，以了解虚拟ICU护士在开发和管理与多个ICU的动态交互时使用的策略和方法。面对全国护士和重症监护医生的短缺，医院ICU床位在过去20年中增加了250%，以及来自外部组织的压力，需要为ICU患者提供全天候护理，虚拟ICU应运而生。了解虚拟ICU社会技术系统及其对工作人员（例如，虚拟ICU护士）和他们的表现的影响是至关重要的，因为这项技术可能是解决从业人员短缺的解决方案，以及在偏远农村地区提供医疗保健服务的工具。本研究以虚拟团队、人因工程和社会技术系统的文献为基础，探讨了如何提高多个虚拟团队中从业人员的工作绩效和工作质量。结果将广泛适用于虚拟ICU？S的其他背景，包括学术科学和工程。越来越多的研究人员不仅在一个团队中工作，而是在许多分布式团队中工作，并且理解信任，优先级和决策管理在这些科学实践的新模式中的作用对于21世纪科学和工程的成功至关重要。工业和系统工程专业的本科生和研究生将参与研究和传播活动。该项目的成果将用于向广大公众传播我们的研究成果。

Nurses in virtual Intensive Care Units (ICUs) function in virtual teams whose configuration and membership is fluid and rapidly changing. They face many challenges related to the development and management of simultaneous dynamic relationships. This study will examine the role trust across these various relationships, and the role of communication and technological support for communication that can affect trust and conflicts. An in-depth analysis of five cases of a virtual ICU will be conducted to understand the strategies and methods that virtual ICU nurses use in developing and managing dynamic interactions with multiple ICUs. Virtual ICUs evolved out of the need to provide around-the-clock care of ICU patients in the face of national shortages of both nurses and intensivists, a 250% increase in hospital ICU beds over the past 20 years, and pressure from external organizations. Understanding virtual ICU sociotechnical systems and their impact on the workers (e.g., virtual ICU nurses) and their performance is critical as this technology may be a solution for the shortage of practitioners, as well as a tool for providing access to healthcare services in remote rural areas. Anchored in the literatures on virtual teams, human factors engineering and sociotechnical systems, this research will identify solutions for improving performance and quality of working life of practioners involved in multiple virtual teams. The results will be broadly applicable beyond virtual ICU?s to other contexts, including academic science and engineering. Increasingly researchers are not only working in one but instead across many distributed teams, and understanding the role of trust, prioritization, and decision management in these new modalities of scientific practice is crucial to the success of science and engineering in the twenty-first century. Undergraduate and graduate students in industrial and systems engineering will be involved in the research and dissemination activities. Results from the project will be used disseminate findings of our research to a broad and public audience.