Development of Higher Order Cognitive Processes in Adolescence and Young Adulthood: Social, Behavioral, and Biological Influences on Learning

青少年和青年高阶认知过程的发展研讨会：社会、行为和生物学对学习的影响将通过将顶尖科学家集中在成熟的突破性发现的关键问题上，推进青少年和青年高阶认知及其发展的基础科学。该研讨会将把独立但重叠的研究团体聚集在一起。这些团体包括那些在学习方面具有基础研究专长的人（例如，认知，发展，神经科学）和那些在更多应用研究方面具有专长的人，特别是教育。研讨会的主题将集中在以下领域：1)意义度量（设计有效的意义度量，这是理解、推理和信息处理研究的核心结构），2)推理和判断，以及3)推理、表征和检索的神经科学。将特别注意数学知识和技能的获得，以及它们在推理（如科学推理）和判断（如经济判断）中的应用。研讨会也有望促进研究高阶认知的新指标和方法的发展。研讨会将增进研究界之间的相互了解，促进富有成效的合作。它将促进高阶认知基础科学研究的转化，以解决教育、经济和劳动力发展方面的紧迫问题，特别是发展数学知识和推理技能，这对21世纪科学、技术、工程和数学领域的竞争力至关重要。

The Workshop on Development of Higher-Order Cognitive Processes in Adolescence and Young Adulthood: Social, Behavioral, and Biological Influences on Learning will advance basic science in higher-order cognition and its development in adolescence and young adulthood by focusing leading scientists on key problems that are ripe for groundbreaking discoveries. The workshop will bring together separate but overlapping research communities. These communities include those with basic research expertise in learning (e.g., cognition, development, neuroscience) with those who have expertise in more applied research, especially education. Themes of the workshop will focus around the following areas: 1) Metrics of Meaning (devising valid measures of meaning, a construct that is at the heart of research on comprehension, reasoning, and information processing generally), 2) Reasoning and Judgment, and 3) Neuroscience of Reasoning, Representation, and Retrieval. Special attention will be given to acquisition of mathematical knowledge and skills, and their application in reasoning (e.g., scientific reasoning) and judgment (e.g., economic judgments). The workshop is also expected to facilitate development of new metrics and methods for studying higher-order cognition.The workshop will enhance mutual understanding among research communities and stimulate fruitful collaborations. It will foster the translation of research on the basic science of higher-order cognition to solve pressing problems in education, economics, and workforce development, especially the development of mathematical knowledge and reasoning skills essential for competitiveness in the 21st century in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.