CAREER: Chemical Aging of Biomass Burning Aerosol by Heterogeneous and Photosensitized Heterogeneous Reactions with Atmospheric Trace Gases

在这个以实验室为基础的项目中，将研究生物质燃烧气溶胶（BBA）颗粒的化学转化。BBA在大气中无处不在，其源强度与化石燃料燃烧的强度相似，可以在局部到全球范围内影响大气。本项目的总体目标是通过：1)测定BBA与大气微量气体的非均相氧化动力学和反应产物；2)生物分子标记物光化学稳定性评价；3)测定BBA光敏非均相动力学及反应产物；4)在大气模型中实现BBA的详细非均相化学。非均相氧化动力学实验将通过化学电离质谱仪（CIMS）与不同的流动反应器进行，样品在散装（涂覆壁）和气溶胶相中进行。教育目标包括本科生参与研究、新课程的开发、初高中学生和教师的教育以及增加大气科学的多样性。来自当地学区的初中和高中学生，包括代表性不足的群体的成员，将通过石溪大学招收。学生将在校内参加一个大气科学暑期工作坊，内容包括上课、实验演示、计算机模拟和实地实践，例如进行气象测量和收集气溶胶颗粒，然后在实验室进行分析。随后参加由大学科学技术入门计划（C-STEP）主办的会议将加强学生的知识和理解。还将设立一个夏季讲习班，对中学教师进行大气科学、空气污染和气候变化方面的教育。通过在本科阶段为少数民族和低收入学生提供指导和研究机会，将进一步实现大气科学的多样性。

In this laboratory-based project, the chemical transformation of biomass burning aerosol (BBA) particles will be studied. BBA are ubiquitous in the atmosphere, have a source strength of similar magnitude to fossil fuel burning, and can affect the atmosphere on local to global scales. The overall goal of this project is to obtain a comprehensive picture of the BBA life-cycle by: 1) Determination of the heterogeneous oxidation kinetics and reaction products of BBA with atmospheric trace gases; 2) Evaluation of the photochemical stability of biomolecular markers; 3) Measurement of the photosensitized heterogeneous kinetics and reaction products of BBA; and 4) Implementation of the detailed heterogeneous chemistry of BBA into atmospheric models. The heterogeneous oxidation kinetics experiments will be carried out with a chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) coupled to various flow reactors with samples in the bulk (coated wall) and aerosol phases.Educational objectives involve undergraduate participation in research, development of new curricula, education of middle and high school students and teachers, and increasing diversity in the atmospheric sciences. Middle and high school students from local school districts, including members of underrepresented groups, will be recruited through Stony Brook University. The students will participate in an atmospheric sciences summer workshop on campus, which will involve classes, experimental demonstrations, computer simulations, and hands-on field experience such as conducting meteorological measurements and collecting aerosol particles with subsequent analysis in the laboratory. Subsequent exposure at conferences sponsored by the Collegiate Science and Technology Entry Program (C-STEP) will strengthen the students' knowledge and understanding. A summer workshop will be also be set up to educate secondary school teachers in atmospheric sciences, air pollution, and climate change. Diversity in atmospheric sciences will be further achieved by mentoring and providing research opportunities to minority and low-income students at the undergraduate level.