Theories of Multimodal Urban Mobility

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)提供资金的。该奖项的研究目标是探索不同类别的车辆，如汽车、公交车和自行车，如何在大规模的城市交通网络上相互作用。这是必要的，因为以前的研究仅限于小规模的系统，如单个十字路口，由单一模式--汽车--主导。这项工作将在两条平行的战线上进行。第一个将确定多式联运网络中最小的基本组成部分，对于这些组成部分，交通管理法规可以扩大到更大的城市范围。第二部分将系统地研究在这些基本部件上产生的跨模式车辆相互作用。这项工作既涉及理论，也涉及实验。后者是由于与不同城市的决策者达成的协议而得以实现的，其中包括发展中世界的几个城市，这些城市特别迫切需要高效的多式联运替代方案。预期结果包括描述不同车辆类别如何相互作用和共存的分析模型，并展示如何改进网络设计和控制方法。这项研究将解决全球气候危机以及不断上涨的成本和日益稀缺的石油，以帮助城市接受更绿色、更可持续的交通方式，包括公共交通、自行车和步行。这些发现将帮助工程师和规划者制定策略，改善所有城市出行者的机动性，无论他们使用哪种交通工具，并帮助政策制定者努力使更环保的交通工具成为更可行的汽车替代品。后者将造福地球；前者将造福当地公民。预计福利将特别流向社会中那些最不能拥有和驾驶汽车的人。这项工作将有助于科学教育，因为它将支持两篇博士论文，其发现将被整合到加州大学伯克利分校的课程中，或许还会被纳入其他地方的课程。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). The research objective of this award is to explore how different vehicle classes, such as automobiles, buses and bicycles, interact on large, city-scale transport networks. This is necessary because previous research has been limited to small-scale systems, such as individual intersections, dominated by a single mode -- the automobile. The work will proceed on two parallel fronts. The first will identify the smallest basic component within a multimodal network for which the governing laws of traffic can be scaled-up to the larger, city-wide level. The second will study systematically the cross-modal vehicular interactions that arise on these basic components. The work will involve both theory and experiment. The latter is made possible thanks to agreements that have been reached with decision-makers in various cities, including several cities in the developing world where the need for efficient multi-modal travel alternatives is especially acute. Anticipated outcomes include analytical models that describe how different vehicle classes interact and coexist, and show how to improve network designs and control methods. The research will address the global climate crisis and the rising cost and growing scarcity of oil to help cities embrace greener, more sustainable modes of transport, including public transit, bicycles and walking. The findings will help engineers and planners devise strategies that improve mobility for all urban travelers regardless of the mode they use, and help policy-makers in their efforts to make the greener modes a more viable alternative to automobiles. The latter will benefit the planet; the former the local citizenry. It is expected that benefits will flow in particular to those in society who are least able to own and drive cars. The work will contribute to scientific education because it will support two doctoral dissertations, and its findings will be integrated into the curricula at U.C. Berkeley and perhaps elsewhere.