RUI: Supernova Ejecta, Shocks, and the Interstellar Medium

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。根据该奖项，P. Frank Winkler博士（明德学院）将开展一个研究项目，其总体主题是增加我们对超新星如何爆炸的理解，它们巨大的能量释放如何影响它们的宿主星系，以及它们如何促进宇宙的化学演化。对于核心坍缩超新星，模型和观测都表明爆炸不是球对称的。对年轻的银河系残余物Puppis A和G292.0+1.8的固有运动和多普勒速度的新测量将为幸存的喷射碎片的不对称性提供三维模型。此外，从光谱中推断出的化学丰度可以将现在的细丝与它们在祖先恒星的特定核心层中的起源联系起来。年轻的Ia型超新星残骸的膨胀，包括第谷（SN 1572）和RCW86 (SN 185)，将通过巴尔默丝的适当运动来测量，这些巴尔默丝描绘了它们的外壳。然后，这些将与激波速度的光谱测定相结合，首次获得可靠的距离。麦哲伦云发射在线巡天（MCELS）通过位于塞罗·托洛洛美洲天文台的0.6米施密特望远镜，对离我们最近的星系大麦哲伦云和小麦哲伦云进行了观测。该项目早期的一个重要目标将是公布基于mels的行星状星云和超新星遗迹（SNRs）目录，包括首次全面的通量测量。所有MCELS图像数据将在网上方便地提供。最后一个遗留项目将是基于CCD在氢、氧和硫线上的图像，汇编银河系信噪比的发射在线地图集，这是在大多数情况下发表的第一批此类图像。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Under this award, Dr. P. Frank Winkler (Middlebury College) will carry out a program of research with the overarching theme of increasing our understanding of how supernovae explode, how their prodigious energy release affects their host galaxies, and how they contribute to the chemical evolution of the Universe. For core-collapse supernovae, both models and observations indicate that the explosions are not spherically symmetric. New measurements of proper motions and Doppler velocities in the young Galactic remnants Puppis A and G292.0+1.8 will provide three-dimensional models for asymmetries in the surviving ejecta fragments. Furthermore, chemical abundances inferred from spectra can tie present filaments to their origin in specific core layers of the progenitor stars. The expansion of young Type Ia supernova remnants, including Tycho (SN 1572) and RCW86 (SN 185), will be measured through proper motions of Balmer filaments that delineate their shells. These will then be combined with spectroscopic determination of the shock velocity to obtain reliable distances for the first time. The Magellanic Cloud Emission-Line Survey (MCELS) surveyed both the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, our nearest neighbor galaxies, from the 0.6-meter Schmidt telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. An important goal early in the project will be to bring to publication MCELS-based catalogs of planetary nebulae and supernovae remnants (SNRs), including the first comprehensive flux measurements. All the MCELS image data will be made easily available on-line. A final legacy project will be compilation of an Emission-Line Atlas of Galactic SNRs, based on CCD images in lines of hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, the first such images to be published in most cases.