DIANA, A Novel Nuclear Accelerator Lab Underground

这份来自圣母大学的提案要求资金为DUSEL地下的两个加速器设施进行初步设计。Dakota Ion Accelerators for Nuclear Astrophysics（DIANA）设施的目标是解决核天体物理学中三个长期存在的基本问题：太阳中微子源和太阳的核心金属丰度，碳基核合成，以及在恒星中产生trans-Fe元素的中子源。该奖项通过与圣母大学的合作协议，该设施旨在提供新的观测特征的识别，如来自太阳和遥远超新星的中微子，并与地下中微子物理学密切相关。意大利格兰萨索地下实验室的地下核天体物理实验室所证明的地下低能加速器设施的使用是这一领域的先驱，但同时也表明我们对低能恒星反应的认识存在巨大的缺陷。该设施将容纳大量的研究生和博士后研究人员和用户。像DIANA这样的小规模设施非常适合在核物理的许多方面培训后代，如核反应物理，辐射屏蔽，探测器技术，数据分析和材料分析。培训这些领域的专业人员对国家在医药、能源生产、国防、工业和政府方面的需求至关重要。

This proposal, from the University of Notre Dame, requests funds to develop a Preliminary Design for a two-accelerator facility underground at DUSEL. The goal for the Dakota Ion Accelerators for Nuclear Astrophysics (DIANA) facility is to address three long standing fundamental problems in nuclear astrophysics: Solar neutrino sources and the core metallicity of the sun, carbon-based nucleosynthesis, and neutron sources for the production of trans-Fe elements in stars.The award, through a Cooperative Agreement with the University of Notre Dame, will fund the design of this facility intended to provide the identification of new observational signatures such as neutrinos from the sun and distant supernovae and is closely interwoven with underground neutrino physics. The use of underground low-energy accelerator facilities, as demonstrated by the Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA) at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory in Italy, has pioneered the field, but at the same time has demonstrated enormous deficiencies in our knowledge of low-energy stellar reactions. The facility will host a large number of graduate student and postdoctoral researchers and users. Small-scale facilities such as DIANA are ideal to train future generations in many aspects of nuclear physics such as nuclear reaction physics, radiation shielding, detector techniques, data analysis, and material analysis. Training professionals in these areas is essential for the national needs in medicine, energy production, defense, industry, and government.