Molecular mechanisms underlying temperature modulation of defense responses

“该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。“适度的温度变化对各种植物过程有很大的影响，包括防御反应。通常，高于标准的升高的生长温度使原本具有抗性的植物易受病原体的影响。本项目旨在揭示高温抑制防御反应的分子机制。这些研究人员最近的研究已经确定抗病（R）蛋白作为防御反应中的温度敏感成分。较高的温度降低了NB-LRR型R蛋白在细胞核中的积累，这可能是防御反应中温度敏感性的一个共同基础。该项目将使用分子遗传学方法来生成和测试R蛋白温度敏感性的模型和假设。它还将分离和表征调节防御反应温度敏感性的基因。来自该项目的结果将揭示植物对适度温度变化的适应性反应的分子基础以及R蛋白的激活，这是抗病调节的重要步骤。从该项目中获得的知识将通过提高植物在广泛温度范围内的防御反应能力来改善作物，从而有可能应用于应对温度波动和全球气候变化。该项目将为博士后研究员、研究生和本科生提供广泛的研究和教学培训。

"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."Moderate temperature variations have large effects on various plant processes including defense responses. Often, an elevated growth temperature above the norm renders an otherwise resistant plant susceptible to pathogens. This project aims at revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibition of defense responses by elevated temperature. Recent studies from these investigators have identified disease resistance (R) proteins as a temperature-sensitive component in defense responses. That a higher temperature reduces the accumulation of the NB-LRR type of R proteins in the nucleus might be one common basis for temperature sensitivity in defense responses. This project will use molecular genetic approaches to generate and test models and hypotheses on temperature sensitivity on R proteins. It will also isolate and characterize genes regulating temperature sensitivity of defense responses. Results coming from this project will shed light on the molecular basis of adaptive responses to moderate temperature variations in plants as well as activation of R proteins, an essential step in disease resistance regulation. Knowledge gained from this project will potentially have applications in coping with temperature fluctuations and global climate changes through crop improvement by enhancing the capacities of plant defense responses in a wide range of temperatures. This project will provide a broad training for postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and undergraduate students in research and teaching.