PeerWise: Students Creating, Sharing, and Evaluating their own Exam Questions

计算机科学（31）学生的学习通常通过考试问题来评估-但是学生可以通过创建自己的“考试问题”并在同龄人创建的问题上练习来学习吗？该项目调查PeerWise提供的好处，PeerWise是一种基于网络的协作工具，通过共享的课程特定的、学生生成的多项选择题库来发展学生的学习。在使用PeerWise的课程中，学生们经常反思并问自己：“从本周的材料中，我真正需要知道的是什么？教授会怎么考我呢？然后，他们在PeerWise网站上构建并提交一个多选择式问题，创建适当的干扰答案，用自己的话写一个解释，并用相关的主题术语标记问题。他们还通过回答其他学生提交的问题来“练习”。在回答问题后，学生可以看到他们的同龄人如何回答问题（例如25%的人回答A），对问题进行评分，并对问题的作者和他们的同龄人进行评论。该项目在18个计算机科学课程中探索PeerWise的潜力，有9个不同的讲师，影响了多个机构的约900名学生。有三个关键问题促使人们对PeerWise在计算机课程中的使用感兴趣：（1）对奥克兰大学CS 1课程的初步研究表明，期末考试成绩与PeerWise系统上的活动水平呈正相关;（2）PeerWise支持以学生为中心的学习环境;以及（3）PeerWise的采用对课程讲师的负担很小，但创建和支持与特定课程的学习成果密切相关的内容。通过问题编写过程，学生积极参与元认知活动（考虑他们知道什么或需要知道什么），并通过针对同龄人的解释性写作，进行一种辅导。通过回答同伴写的问题，学生可以进行自我评估，并可以参与同行评审-对同伴的问题进行评级和评论。

Computer Science (31) Students' learning is often assessed through exam questions - but can students learn by creating their own "exam questions" and practicing on questions created by their peers? This project investigates the benefits offered by PeerWise, a collaborative web-based tool for developing students' learning through a shared repository of course-specific, student-generated multiple choice questions. In a course using PeerWise, students regularly reflect asking themselves, "What is it I really need to know from this week's material? How might the professor test me on this?" They then construct and submit a multiple choice-style question on the PeerWise website, creating appropriate distracter answers, writing an explanation in their own words, and tagging the question with relevant topic terms. They also "practice" by taking questions submitted by other students. After answering a question, students can see how their peers answered the question (e.g. 25% said A), rate that question, and write a comment on it that is visible to the author of the question and their peers.This project explores the potential of PeerWise in 18 computer science classes with 9 different instructors, impacting approximately 900 students at multiple institutions. Three key issues drive an interest in studying PeerWise use in computing courses: (1)A preliminary study in a CS1 course at the University of Auckland has shown a positive correlation between final exam score and activity level on the PeerWise system; (2)PeerWise supports a student-centered learning environment; and (3) Adoption of PeerWise places little burden on the course instructor, and yet creates and supports content that is closely aligned to course-specific learning outcomes.Through the process of question writing, students are actively engaged in meta-cognitive activities (considering what they know, or need to know) and, through explanation writing targeted at their peers, a form of tutoring. By answering the questions written by their peers, students can perform self-assessment and can engage in peer review - in rating and commenting on peers' questions.