Collaborative Proposal: Multi-Scale Modeling: Assessing the role of eastern boundary upwelling regions and their ecosystems on climate variability using a fully coupled model

这是一个多机构的研究项目，旨在研究区域大气-海洋相互作用及其全球影响，这是对加利福尼亚、秘鲁-智利和本格拉东部沿海上升流地区的更精确处理，以及它们的生态系统和生物地球化学在一个完全耦合的全球多尺度气候模型中的结果。新的计算发展提供了在保持与大气的双向耦合的同时，选择性地增加所需区域海洋分量的分辨率的能力。本项目将从物理、生态系统和生物地球化学的角度，探讨影响这些地区二氧化碳海气交换和输出的物理和生物机制问题，以及所选地区目前和未来情景下的气候变率。作为对大陆架在气候系统中的作用的研究，并通过解决当前气候模式中已知的偏差/缺陷，它将有助于我们对气候系统的理解，并改善对气候变化的预测。通过直接包括生物地球化学模型，本研究可以开始解决气候变化对三个最具生产力的海洋区域的生态系统的影响，以及生态系统与气候的相互作用。更广泛的影响。通过研究具有重要商业价值的区域，该项目将有助于获得未来海洋资源管理所需的知识。将已广泛用于生态系统研究的海洋模型（ROMS）纳入其中，将气候、生物地球化学和生态系统群落更紧密地联系在一起，并将允许研究气候变化对生态系统的作用，包括从更高营养水平一直到人类活动。该项目还为气候模拟界的重大技术发展做出了贡献。这些结果将导致一个完全嵌入全球气候模式并与其所有组成部分（包括多分辨率大气、陆地表面和海冰模式）相关联的区域海洋模式的可用性。通过在NCAR社区气候系统模型框架内工作，所有的技术发展都将成为该模型的一部分，可供科学界使用，并有利于新兴的跨学科项目。该项目包括培训三名博士后科学家，一名在缅因大学，两名在加州大学圣克鲁斯分校。所有参与的学术机构在本科生和研究生的教学以及外展活动方面都有显著的记录。外展和教学活动也是国家大气研究中心（NCAR）任务的重要组成部分，该中心定期举办夏季座谈会（由高级研究计划组织），向研究生讲授气候系统及其建模的各个方面，并为科学界和公众维护访问量很大的网站。

Intellectual meritThis is a multi-institutional research project to study the regional atmosphere-ocean interactions, and the global ramifications, that result from a more accurate treatment of the eastern boundary coastal upwelling regions of California, Peru-Chile and Benguela, their ecosystems and biogeochemistry in a fully coupled global multi-scale climate model. The novel computational development provides the ability to selectively increase the resolution of the ocean component in desired regions while keeping the two-way coupling to the atmosphere. This project will address the question of physical and biological mechanisms affecting the CO2 air-sea exchange and export in these regions and the climate variability in the present, and under future scenarios, for the selected regions from physical, ecosystem and biogeochemical perspectives. As a study of the role of continental shelves in the climate system, and by addressing known biases/deficiencies in current climate models, it will contribute to our understanding of the climate system and improve projections of climate change. By directly including a biogeochemical model, this study can begin to address climate change impacts on the ecosystems of three of the most productive oceanic regions, and the ecosystems interaction with climateBroader ImpactsThe proposed research has significant impacts to many communities on several levels. By studying regions that are commercially significant, this project will contribute to the knowledge that is needed for future ocean resource management. The inclusion of an ocean model (ROMS) that has been extensively used for ecosystem studies, brings the climate, biogeochemical and ecosystem communities closer together and will permit the study of the role of climate change on ecosystems including higher trophic levels all the way to human activity. The project also contributes significant technical developments to the climate modeling community. The results will lead to the availability of a regional ocean model fully embedded within a global climate model and linked to all its components, including a multi-resolution atmosphere, land surface and sea ice models. By working within the NCAR Community Climate System Model framework all the technical developments will become part of the model that is accessible to the scientific community and can benefit emerging interdisciplinary programs. This project includes the training of three post-doctoral scientists one at University of Maine and two at U.C. Santa Cruz. All the academic institutions involved have a significant track record in teaching of both undergraduate and graduate students and outreach activities. Outreach and teaching activities are also an important part of the mission at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) where regular summer colloquia (organized by the advanced studies program) educate graduate students on various aspects of the climate system and its modeling, and well-visited websites are maintained for both the scientific community and the public.