Workshop: Atmospheric chemistry moves indoors

主要研究者：Glenn Morrison提案编号：CBET-1028819室内空气质量是一个动态过程的函数，其中化学反应通过消耗一次排放物和产生二次污染物（包括二次有机气溶胶）发挥关键作用。 虽然室外污染贡献了背景水平，但室内空气的组成主要由室内来源决定，包括居住者的活动，如烹饪，吸烟或清洁。 在室内环境中，低分子量有机化合物和活性物质主要存在于气相中，而持久性半挥发性化合物往往在气相和暴露表面上积累，包括空气传播的颗粒和沉降的灰尘。 为了有意义地改变室内空气的组成，气相反应必须以与空气交换速率竞争的速率发生。这样的限制不适用于表面反应，这是有利的大表面积与体积比发现室内。 事实上，室内表面可能存在有利于某些化学反应的基质，例如碱催化水解。 随着符合环境可持续性和零能耗建筑的实践被纳入建筑施工和运营，将引入具有新型排放和表面的新材料。在这样的环境中，表征室内化学，着眼于缓解战略，变得更加重要，因为其对人类接触的影响将由于建筑物围护结构更紧和空气交换率降低而放大。通过汇集室内化学领域的顶尖学者，本次研讨会将通过对目前和拟议的室内化学研究的批判性评估来推进室内空气质量领域。 气溶胶、致癌物、刺激物和气味都是由这种化学物质产生或改变的。 有大量的反应物，反应和产物可以影响建筑物居住者的健康。 因此，研究重点是至关重要的，以确定最有效地推进研究领域的过程，着眼于改善公共卫生。 具体的研讨会目标是：汇集来自不同领域和学科的化学家，就室内环境带来的挑战和机遇进行合作和相互教育，并指导NSF支持室内化学研究。这次研讨会将导致第一次这样的：一个有重点的合作，室外和室内化学家的行动计划，为研究室内化学。 通过汇集顶尖学者，我们将评估现有的研究，并产生新的想法。 这一过程将作为一个选择性过滤器，将我们的注意力重新集中在最有成效的途径上。通过推进室内空气研究，他们将更迅速、更有效地确定室内暴露于有毒物质的关键原因。 在这样做的过程中，他们可以提供切实的战略和技术，通过改善室内空气质量来加强公众健康。 早期职业教师将得到支持，并将参加研讨会。

PI: Glenn MorrisonProposal No: CBET-1028819Indoor air quality is a function of dynamic processes in which chemical reactions play a key role by consuming primary emissions and generating secondary contaminants, including secondary organic aerosols. While outdoor pollution contributes background levels, the composition of indoor air is strongly determined by indoor sources, including occupant activities such as cooking, smoking or cleaning. In indoor environments, low molecular weight organic compounds and reactive species are found principally in the gas phase, while persistent semivolatile compounds tend to accumulate both in the gas phase and on exposed surfaces, including those of airborne particles and settled dust. To meaningfully alter the composition of indoor air, gas phase reactions must occur at rates that are competitive with air exchange rates. Such constraints do not apply to surface reactions, which are favored by the large surface-to-volume ratios found indoors. Indeed, indoor surfaces may present substrates that favor certain chemical reactions such as base catalyzed hydrolysis. As practices consistent with environmental sustainability and zero-energy buildings are incorporated into building construction and operation, new materials with novel emissions and surfaces will be introduced. Characterizing indoor chemistry, with an eye towards mitigation strategies, becomes even more important in such a setting, since its impact on human exposures will be amplified as a consequence of tighter building envelopes and reduced air exchange rates. By bringing together the top scholars in the field of indoor chemistry, this symposium will advance the field of indoor air quality through a critical evaluation of present and proposed indoor chemistry research. Aerosols, carcinogens, irritants and odors are all generated or modified by such chemistry. There are a vast number of reactants, reactions and products that can influence the health of building occupants. Thus, research focus is critical to identify processes that most efficiently advance the research field with an eye toward improving public health. Specific workshop objectives are to: Bring together chemists from a variety of domains and disciplines to collaborate and educate each other about the challenges and opportunities that derive from indoor environments and guide NSF in supporting indoor chemistry research. This workshop will result in the first of its kind: a focused collaboration of outdoor and indoor chemists with a resulting plan of action for research on indoor chemistry. By bringing together the top scholars, we will evaluate existing research and generate new ideas. This process will act as a selective filter, refocusing our attention on the most productive path. By advancing indoor air research, they will more rapidly and efficiently identify key causes of indoor exposure to toxic species. In doing so, they can provide tangible strategies and technologies for enhancing public health by improving indoor air quality. Early-career faculty will be supported and will participate in the workshop.