GOALI: Molybdenum Dioxide-Based Anode Electrode for Direct Jet-A SOFC for Commercial Airplanes

1034308Ha GOALI项目是华盛顿州立大学（WSU）和波音商用飞机公司之间的合作项目，旨在开发直接喷气- a固体氧化物燃料电池（sofc）的替代阳极催化剂材料。这些燃料电池之所以重要，有很多经济和环境方面的原因。其实现的技术限制是缺乏能够承受喷气燃料恶劣化学环境的合适催化剂。这里的目标是与西雅图波音公司的科学家和工程师密切合作，开发和测试以二氧化钼（MoO2）为基础的催化剂，这种催化剂掺杂少量氧化还原稳定的氧化物。先前的研究表明，MoO2作为直接喷气- a sofc的阳极催化剂具有很大的潜力，因为它具有很高的抗结焦性，并且可以耐受燃料电池环境中非常高的硫浓度。基于其极高的化学稳定性，它的无负载纳米颗粒能够在24小时内将真正的喷气- a燃料转化为合成气（即H2和CO），而不会出现任何明显的失活现象。这种行为被认为是由于MoO2中的混合键（金属-离子-共价键）以及晶格中高氧离子迁移率的结果。在MoO2晶格中加入氧化还原稳定掺杂剂可以扩大相稳定性窗口。智力优势：该研究项目汇集了一个跨学科的工程师和科学家团队，共同研究开发一种新的碳耐受性催化剂系统的共同问题，这种催化剂系统将有广泛的应用，而不仅仅是在直接喷气- a SOFC中使用。该团队在混合金属氧化物纳米颗粒的合成和表征、催化、反应动力学以及燃料电池的设计和构建方面具有专业知识。作为合作的一部分，波音公司将对该项目中开发的基于moo2的SOFC进行广泛的测试，包括使用其飞行测试飞机进行实际的机载燃料电池测试。从这些空中测试中获得的燃料电池性能数据将提供给波音公司。S现有的燃料电池系统模型，并用于模型的细化。基于这个改进的模型平台，波音公司和研究生将为波音？更电动飞机（MEA）的概念。通过GOALI机制，波音公司将为参与该项目的研究生和本科生提供在西雅图工厂工作的实习机会。学生参与者不仅将在波音公司进行部分研究项目，还将被要求向波音公司人员（包括技术人员和非技术人员）进行演示，并将亲眼看到他们研究项目的具体细节如何具有更广泛的技术含义（以及商业决策如何成为技术采用的驱动因素）。通过这次经历，学生们将看到跨学科研究小组是行业运作的方式。更广泛的影响：在创造可持续能源系统的巨大挑战中，纳米技术的创新具有重要的、潜在的决定性作用。从制氢到生物燃料加工，催化剂是许多这些方法的关键组成部分。该GOALI项目将为直接喷气- a燃料电池开发基于MoO2的阳极催化剂，并将在其他需要耐碳材料的领域得到更广泛的应用。使用Jet-A燃料直接转换的sofc的成功开发和部署将显著节省燃料使用，并显著改善机场及周边地区的空气质量。因此，更广泛的好处是保护宝贵的化石燃料资源和创造更健康的环境。pi将通过同行评审的期刊出版物和会议报告传播该项目的结果。更广泛影响的一个重要和重要的部分将是利用这项工作和与波音公司的合作伙伴关系，为华盛顿州的K-12学生创建一个关于燃料电池的教育模块。所有的pi都参与了K-12的外展活动，这些活动的一个主要部分是提高对工程和技术的认识，并增加大学层面的STEM参与。所有参与者都将在本项目中所做的研究与华盛顿州立大学化学工程教师研究经验（RET）项目相结合。波音公司的共同负责人将访问普吉特海湾地区的高中，与学生们谈论波音公司。波音公司提议在下一代飞机上使用燃料电池技术——更电动的飞机（MEA）。项目网站将包含燃料电池模块和波音MEA项目的信息，以及该小组发布的最新研究成果。

1034308Ha This GOALI project is a partnership between Washington State University (WSU) and Boeing Commercial Airplane Company to develop alternative anode catalyst materials for direct Jet-A solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). There are a number of economic and environmental reasons why these proposed fuel cells are important. The technological limitation to their realization is the absence of suitable catalysts that can withstand the harsh chemical environment of jet fuel. The objective here is to work closely with scientists and engineers at Boeing in Seattle to develop and test molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) based catalysts that are doped with small amounts of redox stable oxides. Previous research has shown that MoO2 offers significant potential as an anode catalyst for direct Jet-A SOFCs because it exhibits a high coking resistance and is tolerant to very high sulfur concentrations within the fuel cell environment. Based on its exceptionally high chemical stabilities, its unsupported nanoparticles were able to reform a real Jet-A fuel over 24 hours into synthesis gas (i.e. H2 and CO) without showing any significant deactivations. This behavior is believed to result from the mixed bonding (metallic-ionic-covalent) in MoO2 together with the high oxygen ion mobility in the crystal lattice. The incorporation of redox stable dopants into the MoO2 crystal lattice allows the phase stability window to be expanded. Intellectual Merit: This research program brings together an interdisciplinary team of engineers and scientists to work on a common problem of developing a new carbon-tolerant catalyst system that will have broad application beyond its use in a direct Jet-A SOFC. The team has expertise in the synthesis and characterization of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles, catalysis, reaction kinetics, and fuel cell design and construction. As a part of the collaboration, Boeing will conduct extensive testing of the MoO2-based SOFC developed in this project, including actual airborne fuel cell tests using its flight test airplanes. The fuel cell performance data obtained from these airborne tests will be fed into Boeing?s existing fuel cell system model and used to refine the model. Based on this improved model platform, Boeing and the graduate students will design efficient fuel cell based electrical power systems for Boeing?s more electric airplane (MEA) concept. Through the GOALI mechanism, Boeing will provide internship opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students who are part of this project to work at their facility in Seattle. The student participants will not only conduct part of their research program at Boeing, but they will also be required to make presentations to Boeing personnel (both technical and non-technical) and will see firsthand how the specific details of their research program have broader technological implications (and how business decisions can be the drivers of technology adoption). Through this experience the students will see that interdisciplinary research groups is the way that industry works. Broader Impacts: In the grand challenge of creating sustainable energy systems, innovations in nanotechnology have an important, and potentially defining, role. Catalysts are a critical component in many of these approaches from hydrogen generation to biofuel processing. This GOALI program will lead to development of MoO2 based anode catalysts for direct Jet-A fuel cells, and will have broader application in other areas requiring carbon-tolerant materials. Successful development and deployment of SOFCs using direct Jet-A fuel conversion will create notable savings in fuel usage and significantly improve air quality at airports and surrounding areas. The broader benefits are therefore conservation of precious fossil fuel resources and creation of a healthier environment. The PIs will disseminate the results of this project through peer-reviewed journal publications and conference presentations. An important and significant part of the broader impacts will be to use this work and the partnership with Boeing to create an educational module on fuel cells for K-12 students in Washington state. All the PIs are involved in K-12 outreach activities and a major part of these activities is to improve the perception of engineering and technology and to increase STEM participation at the college level. All the participants will integrate research done on this project with an existing research experience for teachers (RET) program in Chemical Engineering at Washington State University. The Boeing co-PI will visit high schools in the greater Puget Sound area to talk to the students about Boeing?s proposed use of fuel cell technology in the next generation of airplanes -- the More Electric Airplane (MEA). A project web site will contain information on the fuel cell modules and also the Boeing MEA project in addition to published research updates from this group.