EFRI-RESTOR Novel Ceramic Glass Composites for Improved Electrical Energy Storage

大规模能量存储的理想解决方案将允许在诸如可重复使用的电存储介质之类的设备中快速存储和释放能量。这项工作的重点是在高介电常数陶瓷电容器中实现高能量密度存储。PI提出了一种新的方法，即将铁电纳米粉末与低熔点无碱玻璃相结合来改进现有的电化学电容器。与传统电容器相比，陶瓷电容器的主要优点是放电速度快。这项工作产生的一种装置可能会导致一种新的方法来存储来自太阳能电池和风力涡轮机等来源的间歇性可用电能。该项目的一个目标是发现能够在电容器中实现高能量密度存储的新型材料。这种材料既能承受高电场(~1 mV/cm)，又具有极高的介电常数(~10万)。要在原型测试设备中实现这一点，并以商业上可行的方式实现这一点，是陶瓷科学和玻璃工程的一个复杂问题。在该项目中，将通过使用铁电纳米粉末(例如，[Ba(Ti0：8Zr0：2)O3]0.80-[(Ba0：7Ca0：3)TiO3]0.20和/或Pb[(Fe1/2Nb1/2)0.6-(Fe2/3W1/3)0.4)O3]和低熔点、无碱玻璃(例如，B2O3-SiO-PbO-BaO-TiO2or B2O3-SiO2ZOBaO-TiO2.)的复合材料电容存储能量来实现电能密度的改善。封接后通过控制析晶可以提高玻璃相的介电常数。拟议研究的更广泛影响是开发一种新的能量存储方法，这种方法可能会在许多领域得到应用，包括环境保护、消费电子产品、电动汽车和医疗保健。能够高效地储存大量的间歇性可再生能源，将是满足国家S和世界S能源需求的关键一步。此外，创新的方法加上多个学科的协调研究可再生能源储存的新概念将影响基本课程，即从设计、制造和数据分析的工程角度教授可再生能源储存的概念。PIS将在伦斯勒理工学院和波多黎各大学之间交换学生，以促进两个不同学生群体之间的融合，以及RPI NSF纳米技术中心和UPR纳米功能材料研究所。支持该项目的2010财年EFRI-Restor主题由美国国家科学基金会(NSF)工程(ENG)、数学和物理科学(MPS)和社会科学、行为学和经济学(SBE)以及计算机和信息科学与工程主管与美国能源部(DOE)共同赞助。

The ideal solution to large-scale energy storage will allow fast storage and release of energy in a device such as a reusable electrical storage medium. The proposed work is focused on realizing high energy density storage in a capacitor made with a ceramic of high dielectric constant. The PIs propose a novel approach, which is the combination of a ferroelectric nanopowder and a low melting and alkali-free glass to improve on current electrochemical capacitors. The main advantage of a ceramic capacitor over conventional capacitors is the fast discharge rate. A device resulting from this work could lead to a new method for storing intermittently available electrical energy from sources such as solar cells and wind turbines. A goal of this project is to discover novel materials capable of high energy density storage in capacitors. Such materials will both withstand high electric fields (~1 MV/cm) and possess an extremely high dielectric constant (~100,000). To realize this in prototype test devices, and in a commercially viable way, is a complicated problem of ceramic science and glass engineering. In this project, improvements in electrical energy density will be achieved by storing energy capacitively using a composite of a ferroelectric nanopowder (e.g., [Ba(Ti0:8Zr0:2)O3]0.80-[(Ba0:7Ca0:3)TiO3]0.20 and/or Pb[(Fe1/2Nb1/2)0.6-(Fe2/3W1/3)0.4)O3]) and low melting, alkali-free glass (e.g., B2O3-SiO2-PbO-BaO-TiO2 or B2O3-SiO2-ZnO-BaO-TiO2). The dielectric constant of the glassy phase can be increased by controlled crystallization after the sealing. The broader impact of the proposed research is to develop a novel approach to energy storage that will potentially find application in many areas including environmental protection, consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and healthcare. Being able to efficiently store large amounts of intermittent renewable energy would be a key step in meeting the nation?s and the world?s demand for energy. In addition, the innovative approach coupled with the coordination of multiple disciplines to study a new concept for renewable energy storage will impact the basic curriculum, i.e., concepts in renewable energy storage will be taught from an engineering perspective in design, fabrication, and data analysis. The PIs will exchange students between the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and the University of Puerto Rico to promote integration between the two different student populations as well as the RPI NSF Center for Nanotechnology and the UPR Institute for Functional Nanomaterials.The FY 2010 EFRI-RESTOR Topic that supports this project was sponsored by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) directorates for Engineering (ENG), Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS) and Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (SBE), and Computer & Information Science and Engineering in collaboration with the US Department of Energy (DOE).