Coherent perfect absorption, and coherent control of absorption and amplification in optical microstructures with parity-time-reversal symmetry

相干完全吸收和具有宇称-时间反转特性的光学微结构中吸收和放大的相干控制道格拉斯·斯通和曹慧-耶鲁大学摘要： 目的：本研究的目的是从理论上理解和实验证明两种类型的光学器件的基础上最近提出的概念的时间反转激光作用。所使用的方法是分析和计算电磁/量子理论的集成程序，结合设计，制造和测量的原型设备说明所涉及的基本物理原理。 激光器从含有放大增益介质的腔体中发射具有特定场模式和频率的相干电磁辐射;“时间反转”装置，即相干完美吸收体，是含有损耗介质的腔体，其将完全吸收激光器将发射的辐射模式。 我们探索一种更新的设备，一个包含增益和损耗介质的腔，能够放大和衰减特定的辐射模式。智力优势：虽然激光器的概念和相关器件已经研究了50多年，但相干完美吸收体和包含损耗（或平衡损耗和增益）的器件只是最近才被提出，并且最初的实验实现才刚刚出现。 它们的性质和基本限制，特别是在量子尺度上，还没有被理解。该理论提出了一种新的能力，即利用干涉来控制光的吸收和放大。更广泛的影响：这种新型的光学器件在依靠光互连的下一代计算机中有着重要的应用前景。 该项目预计将展示使用入射场调制穿透不透明介质的能力，主要应用于放射学和国防技术。

Coherent perfect absorption, and coherent control of absorption andamplification in optical microstructures with parity-time-reversal symmetryA. Douglas Stone and Hui Cao - Yale UniversityAbstract: Objective: The objective of this research is to understand theoretically and demonstrate experimentally two types of optical devices based on the recently proposed concept of time-reversed laser action. The approach used is an integrated program of analytic and computational electromagnetic/quantum theory, combined with design, fabrication and measurement of prototype devices illustrating the fundamental physical principles involved. A laser emits coherent electromagnetic radiation with a specific field pattern and frequency from a cavity containing an amplifying gain medium; the "time-reversed" device, a coherent perfect absorber, is a cavity containing a loss medium which will perfectly absorb exactly the pattern of radiation the laser would emit. We explore an even newer device, a cavity containing both a gain and loss medium, capable of both amplifying and attenuating a specific pattern of radiation. Intellectual Merit: While the laser concept and related devices has been studied for over fifty years, the coherent perfect absorber and devices incorporating loss (or balanced loss and gain) have only very recently been proposed and initial experimental realizations are just appearing. Their properties and fundamental limits, particularly on the quantum scale, are not yet understood. The theory suggests a new ability to use interference to control both the absorption and amplification of light. Broader Impacts: The new optical devices developed are likely to find significant applications in next generation computers relying on optical interconnects. The project expects to demonstrate the ability to penetrate opaque media using modulation of the incident fields, with major applications to radiology and defense technology.