Collaborative Research: TORERO - Tropical Ocean tRoposphere Exchange of Reactive Halogen Species and Oxygenated VOC

热带海洋活性卤素物种和含氧挥发性有机化合物的大气圈交换（TORERO）实地活动将于2012年初在热带和亚热带东太平洋上空部署NSF/NCAR湾流V研究飞机，以调查生物活跃的沿海沃茨和开阔海洋上涌区域（称为最低含氧区）的活性卤素物种（RHS）释放情况。观测和模拟研究证实了RHS和含氧挥发性有机化合物（OVOC）在自由对流层（FT）中的全球存在，但我们对远程海洋来源的理解仍然存在重要差距，对大气化学和潜在气候的影响。TORERO将研究三个假设：（1）远海释放的OVOC和RHS作为深对流输送的结果影响FT的大气成分;（2）VOC前体物的海洋来源，以及OVOC和卤氧自由基的丰度在有生物活动的开阔海区、海岸上升流和海洋沙漠之间存在差异，以及（3）从海洋释放的活性气体通过臭氧破坏，甲烷氧化，TORERO研究将支持两名研究生和一名博士后学者在一个环境中与西班牙文化的互动是日常工作的一部分在厄瓜多尔和智利的实地阶段。大学研究人员将获得一个独特的飞机设施，几个独特的仪器，和一个网络的科学家从联邦实验室（NCAR，NOAA）。将向科学界提供TORERO结果。该项目将通过促进对海洋-大气相互作用的理解来造福社会，以提高预测能力并更好地为气候变化做好准备。

The Tropical Ocean tRoposphere Exchange of Reactive halogen species and Oxygenated VOCs (TORERO) field campaign will deploy the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V research aircraft over the tropical and subtropical Eastern Pacific Ocean in early 2012 to investigate the release of reactive halogen species (RHS) from biologically active coastal waters and open ocean upwelling regions (termed oxygen minimum zones, OMZs). Observations and modeling studies corroborate the global presence of RHS and oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOC) in the free troposphere (FT), yet important gaps remain in our understanding of remote ocean sources, and the effects on atmospheric chemistry, and potentially climate. TORERO will investigate three hypotheses: (1) OVOC and RHS released from the remote ocean impact atmospheric composition in the FT as a result of deep convective transport; (2) the ocean sources of VOC precursors, and the abundance of OVOC and halogen oxide radicals varies between open ocean areas with biologic activity, coastal upwelling and the ocean deserts, and (3) reactive gases released from the ocean are relevant to chemistry and potentially climate through ozone destruction, methane oxidation, and aerosol formation.TORERO research will support two graduate students and a postdoctoral scholar in an environment where interaction with Hispanic culture is part of the daily routine during the field phase in Ecuador and Chile. University researchers will be provided with access to a unique aircraft facility, several unique instruments, and a network of scientists from federal laboratories (NCAR, NOAA). TORERO results will be made available for use by the scientific community. The project will benefit society by advancing understanding of ocean-atmosphere interactions to improve predictive capabilities and better prepare for climate change.