HCC: Small: Design Methods: How They are Understood, Selected, and Used by Practitioners

今天，学术界和工业界都投入了巨大的努力和资金，目的是开发新的工具、技术和方法，以支持创新和创造性的交互式数字产品和服务的设计。然而，尽管这些尝试中有很大一部分导致了研究洞察力，但它们并不总是成功地转化为符合实践者所经历的现实的设计方法。对实践缺乏理解在许多情况下导致从业者对研究贡献的价值缺乏信任，同时导致沮丧的研究人员不理解从业者在采用研究工作产生的新设计方法方面缺乏热情。拟议的研究将从从业者的角度仔细调查现有做法，从而加深对这一不幸情况的理解。研究建议由五项主要研究和活动组成，在三年内并行进行。这些活动结合了对设计方法的分析研究和对从业者(使用设计方法创造产品和系统的设计师)和研究人员(设计方法开发人员)的访谈研究。这项研究将为实践者带来关于如何制定和处理他们对设计工具、技术和方法的选择和使用的战略的见解和原则，以及适合组织的设计方法的战略性选择的见解和原则。最重要的是，这项研究将引导出适合设计教育的指导方针，指导如何专业地思考和处理设计方法。随着对构成适当设计方法的知识的增加，这些结果将增加互动产品和系统进行更具创造性和创新性设计的可能性。

Huge efforts and funds are today deployed, in both academia and industry, with the purpose to develop new tools, techniques, and methods to support the design of innovative and creative interactive digital products and services. However, while a large proportion of these attempts lead to research insights, they are not always successfully transformed into design methods that fit the reality that practitioners experience. This lack of understanding of practice has in many cases led to a substantial lack of trust from practitioners towards the value of research contributions, while at the same time leading to frustrated researchers not understanding the lack of enthusiasm from practitioners when it comes to adapting new design methods emanating from research efforts. The proposed research will develop a solid understanding of this unfortunate situation by carefully investigating existing practice from the perspective of practitioners. The research proposal is made up of five major studies and activities, conducted in parallel over three years. These activities are a combination of analytical studies of design methods and interview studies with practitioners (designers who employ design methods to create products and systems) and researchers (design method developers). The research will lead to insights and principles suitable for practitioners on how to strategize and handle their choice and use of design tools, techniques, and methods, and to insights and principles suitable for organizations for their strategic choices of design methods. Most importantly, the research will lead to educational guidelines suitable for design education on how to professionally think about and handle design methods. With increased knowledge about what constitutes appropriate design methods, these results will increase the probability for more creative and innovative designs of interactive products and systems.