SBIR Phase I: Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Ammonia to Nitrogen for Hot Exhaust Treatment

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目将研究一个新的低成本非贵金属氨选择性氧化催化剂家族，用于选择性催化还原（SCR）系统。氨/尿素选择性催化还原NO被广泛应用于电厂和柴油机车辆燃烧尾气处理中，以减少NOx的排放。使用SCR技术的一个常见问题是氨滑。在NO转化不完全或排气温度上升的情况下，NH3会溜进排气，造成一系列环境问题。这种选择性催化氧化（SCO）技术可以将有毒的氨转化为氮和水，而不需要向气体混合物中引入其他反应物。在本项目中，粉末催化剂将在NexTech模拟柴油机排气环境下进行合成和测试，并通过物理和化学方法进行表征。本研究的更广泛/商业影响是低成本解决柴油机SCR系统存在的NH3滑脱问题，并帮助电厂在SCR过程中使用化学计量或过量氨时减少90%以上的NOX排放。所生成的信息还可以为理解NH3、NO、NO2和O2等小分子在具有酸性和氧化还原位点的非贵金属催化剂表面的活化过程提供新的见解，从而为未来进一步减排开发更好的催化剂。

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project will investigate a new family of low-cost non-precious metal ammonia selective oxidation catalysts for use in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems. The selective catalytic reduction of NO with ammonia/urea is widely applied to combustion exhaust treatment for abating NOx emissions in power plants and diesel engine vehicles. A common problem of using the SCR technology is ammonia slip. Under conditions of incomplete NO conversion or exhaust temperature upswings, NH3 will slip into the exhaust, resulting in a number of environmental problems. This selective catalytic oxidation (SCO) technology can convert the toxic ammonia to nitrogen and water without introducing other reactants into the gas mixture. In this project, powder catalysts will be synthesized and tested at NexTech under simulated diesel engine exhaust atmospheres and characterized by physical and chemical methods.The broader/commercial impacts of this research are to solve the NH3 slip problem existing in the diesel engine SCR system with low cost, and to help reduce NOX emissions by greater than 90% in power plants when stoichiometric or excess amount of ammonia is used in the SCR process. The generated information can also provide new insights into understanding activation process of small molecules, such as NH3, NO, NO2 and O2, on the non-precious metal catalyst surface with acid and redox sites, enabling development of better catalysts for further emission reduction in the future.