Development of Micro/mesoporous spherical adsorbents for Adsorption of various volatile anesthetics

挥发性麻醉药在微量水平（< 1ppm）上的吸附对于技术应用和学术研究都是非常有趣的。对于这些痕量水平来说，尤其具有挑战性的是缺乏真实的吸附数据，而实际上，较高浓度（大多数为几百ppm）的吸附等温线是向其原点线性外推以收集数据的。因此，选择或合成符合这些要求的吸附剂是一个特别的挑战。在第二次创立期间，首次在多孔微玻璃珠的基础上合成了碳基吸附剂和具有分层孔结构的大球形PMO颗粒。特别是PMO材料对己醛具有很高的吸附能力。挥发性麻醉药（异氟醚）的首次吸附实验将材料设计为大球形疏水和分层微/介孔颗粒（碳或PMO），以显著增强工艺。本联合项目第三期最重要的目标将是在现有的小型工厂流化床反应器中合成具有柔性性能的球形多孔玻璃。为了将核壳粒子的优势特性引入现有体系，将应用离子交换诱导相分离的原理。为了在技术相关范围内提高颗粒尺寸，将首次将离子化凝胶化原理与硼硅酸钠玻璃相结合。随后，这些形状体将转化为有序的微孔/介孔分层结构的有机硅或碳珠。此外，该新途径将用于直接合成有序的微孔有机硅或碳珠。在最后一步，创新材料将在几个吸附实验中进行测试。将使用三种最常见的挥发性麻醉剂（异氟烷、地氟烷、七氟烷）。此外，将测试三种烷基醚和一种烷烃，以区分卤素原子的影响和醚桥的影响。空气过滤系统是这个项目的重点。因此，将只研究空气/氮气混合物中三种氟的痕量浓度。

The adsorption of volatile anesthetics on trace levels (< 1 ppm) is highly interesting for technical applications as well as for academic research. Especially challenging for these trace levels is the lack of real adsorption data, while practically adsorption isotherms for higher concentrations (mostly several hundred ppm) are linear extrapolated towards their point of origin to gather data. Therefore, the selection or synthesis of an adsorbent matching these requirements is a particular challenge.During the second founding period carbon based adsorbents as well as large spherical PMO particles with a hierarchical pore structure were synthesized on the basis of porous micro glass beads for the first time. Especially the PMO materials exhibited a very high adsorption capacity for hexanal. First adsorption experiments of volatile anesthetics (isoflurane) directed the material design towards large spherical hydrophobic and hierarchical micro/mesoporous particles (carbon or PMO) for significant process intensification.The most important target for the third founding period of this joint project will be the synthesis of spherical porous glass with flexible properties in the existing mini plant fluidized bed reactor. To insert the advantageous features of core shell particles into the existing system the principle of ion exchange induced phase separation will be applied. To rise particle sizes in technically relevant range the principle of ionotropic gelation will be combined with sodium borosilicate glass for the first time. Subsequently, these shaped bodies will be transformed into ordered micro/mesoporous hierarchically structured organosilica or carbon beads. Furthermore, the new route of ionotropic gelation will be utilized for the direct synthesis of well-ordered microporous organosilica or carbon beads. In the last step, the innovative materials will be tested in several adsorption experiments. The three most common volatile anesthetics (isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane) will be applied. Additionally, three alkyl ethers and one alkane will be tested to distinguish between the effects of the halogen atoms and the influence of the ether bridge. Air filter systems are in the focus of this project. Therefore, only trace level concentrations of the three fluranes in an air/nitrogen mixture will be studied.