NeTS: Small: Design of an Efficient Backscatter Communication Stack for Sensor Devices

该提案旨在对使用反向散射通信的传感器设备的网络堆栈的设计进行基本的跨学科跨层研究。反向散射通信对于单跳传感器网络部署特别有吸引力，因为通信由读取器供电，从而与具有有源无线电的设备（例如，802.15.4）相比，导致功耗的极大降低。尽管有这些好处，但为反向散射设计的协议对于传感器工作负载来说设计得很糟糕。现有的后向散射通信栈EPC Gen 2针对支持大量简单无源标签进行了优化，每个标签都需要传输少量数据（其唯一标识符）。虽然这样的模型可能是适当的RFID部署在零售商店，传感器需要一个不同的模型，其中有几个或中等数量的标签，需要在与reader.This接触事件期间传输大量的传感数据提出概述了一个全新的反向散射通信堆栈，是专为下一代传感器，使用无源而不是有源无线电。该堆栈将建立在广泛的测量驱动的研究后向散射通信，包括信道质量指标的理解，链路不对称，空间和时间传播，和收获特性。基于这项研究，我们将设计一个用于反向散射通信的网络堆栈，该网络堆栈将取代EPC Gen 2堆栈，并采用新的方法进行移动性检测，速率自适应，信道选择，批量传输和能量管理。我们的研究将直接影响下一代传感器网络的设计，开发和部署，这些网络可以运行更长的持续时间或使用更小的电源。这可以通过降低更换电池的开销直接转化为更低的总运营成本。该项目的研究和教学将影响五所学院的学生，其中马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校是其中的一部分。这五所学院包括两所全女子学院，史密斯和霍利奥克山，由于该联盟的交叉注册政策，其学生可以报名参加在马萨诸塞大学教授的课程。

This proposal seeks to perform fundamental cross-disciplinary cross-layered research into the design of a network stack for sensor devices that use backscatter communication. Backscatter communication is particularly attractive for single-hop sensor network deployments since communication is powered by the reader, thereby resulting in tremendous reduction in power consumption compared to devices with active radios (e.g. 802.15.4). Despite these benefits, protocols designed for backscatter are ill-designed for sensor workloads. The existing backscatter communication stack, EPC Gen 2, is optimized for supportinglarge numbers of simple passive tags, that each need to transfer a small amount of data (their unique identifier). While such a model may be appropriate when RFIDs are deployed in retail stores, sensors require a different model where there are a few or moderate number of tags which need to transfer a significant amount of sensed data during contact events with a reader.This proposes outlines a fundamentally new backscatter communication stack that is designed for next-generation sensors that use passive rather than active radios. The stack will be build on an extensive measurement-driven study of backscatter communication including an understanding of channel quality metrics, link asymmetry, spatial and temporal propagation, and harvesting characteristics. Based on this study, we will design a network stack for backscatter communication that replaces the EPC Gen 2 stack with novel methods for mobility detection, rate adaptation, channel selection, bulk transfer, and energy management.Our research will directly impact the design, development, and deployment of next-generation sensor networks that can operate for longer durations or use smaller power sources. This can directly translate into lower total operational costs by lowering the overhead of replacing batteries. The research and teaching that will flow from the project will impact students across the Five Colleges, of which UMass Amherst is a part. The Five Colleges includes two all-women's colleges, Smith and Mount Holyoke, whose students can enroll in courses taught at UMass because of the consortium's cross-registration policy.