Collaborative: Return migration of academic scientists and engineers from the United States to India

在美国，外国出生的科学家和工程师的回国移民率正在上升，这一趋势通常被称为反向人才外流。这个定性的国际合作项目的重点是通过查明关键的经济，政治，社会和文化因素的印度教师在科学和工程返回移民的决策过程。该研究的重点是印度教师，因为他们越来越多的存在和贡献的科学和工程劳动力在美国和经济增长。比较研究的特点是通过对12个印度和美国学术研究机构的留校和归国教师以及每个地点的部门负责人进行150多次深入访谈收集的主要数据。智力价值该项目的意义在于它对空间和地点的概念如何随着跨国移民而变化的理论理解的发展，以及民族的社会结构是如何跨国界转换的。研究结果可能会为人力资本、科学和技术发展、跨国移民以及移民模式和政策等方面的研究提供信息。鉴于外国出生的学者对这个国家的科学创新的贡献，这项研究加深了美国和印度之间的联系，因为他们建立在国家资源和专业知识的基础上，进一步开展联合研究。劳动力多样性和科学政策。研究结果还将通过期刊、出版物和会议报告传播。该项目有可能扩大到包括来自中国、韩国和越南的更大样本的教师，这些国家是美国科学企业人才的主要出口国。

IntroductionReturn migration rates among foreign-born scientists and engineers in the United States are rising, a trend which is commonly referred to as Reverse Brain Drain. This qualitative international collaborative project focuses on the decision process underlying return migration of Indian faculty in science and engineering by pinpointing key economic, political, social and cultural factors. The research focuses on Indian faculty because of their increasing presence and contribution to the science and engineering workforce in the United States and to economic growth. The comparative study features primary data collected through more than 150 in-depth interviews with both stayed and returned faculty in 12 Indian and academic and research institutions in the United States, as well as department heads at each of the locations.Intellectual MeritThe significance of the project lies in its development of theoretical understanding of how the notion of space and place is changing with transnational migration, and how the social construction of nationality is being transformed across borders. The findings will potentially inform research on human capital, science and technology development, transnational migration, and immigration patterns and policies. Given the contributions of foreign-born academics to the scientific innovation of this country, this research deepens the bonds between the United States and India as they build upon their national resources and expertise toward furthering joint research.Potential Broader ImpactsThe results of this research will be integrated into the classroom and the learning experiences of graduate and undergraduate courses on human resource management, workforce diversity and science policy. The findings will also be disseminated through journals publication and conference presentations. The project has potential to be expanded to include larger samples of faculty members from China, South Korea and Vietnam, which are the leading exporters of talent to the American scientific enterprise.