Impact of elevated temperatures and limiting water supply on virus resistance of tomato plants

气候变化可能影响植物病害。特别是干旱和高温胁迫会影响植物与病毒的相互作用。本文拟对高温干旱胁迫下番茄植株对番茄斑点枯萎病毒（TSWV）和马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）的抗性机制进行研究。这两种病毒属于不同的病毒科，对全球番茄产量造成毁灭性影响。此外，tsw介导的TSWV抗性在高温下是不稳定的，这使得开发新的抗性策略成为必要。为了实现这一目标，我们提出通过改变TSWV或PVY相互作用宿主蛋白的表达来产生转基因番茄植株，并验证这些转基因植株在高温和干旱胁迫下的抗性。为了研究高温和干旱胁迫对病毒抗性的抑制作用，在控制和田间条件下，对转基因植株和其他携带抗痘病毒和托状病毒抗性基因的番茄进行高温和限水胁迫。对病毒复制以及代谢和转录变化的监测将有助于将特定转录物和代谢物变化与易感和抗性宿主-病毒组合联系起来进行比较分析，并将有助于在番茄植物中设计持久的耐热和抗旱病毒抗性。

Climate changes are likely to impact plant diseases. Especially drought and heat stress will influence plant-virus interactions. Here we propose to study mechanisms of resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Potato virus Y (PVY) of tomato plants exposed to heat and drought stress. Both viruses belong to different virus families with devastating impact on tomato yield worldwide. In addition, Tsw-mediated TSWV resistance is unstable under elevated temperatures, which makes development of novel resistance strategies a necessity. To achieve these goals, we propose to generate transgenic tomato plants with altered expression of TSWV or PVY interacting host proteins and to validate resistance of these transgenic plants under heat and drought stress. To study the possible suppression of virus resistance by heat and drought stress, transgenic plants and additional tomato genotypes carrying resistance genes conferring potyvirus and tospovirus resistance will be challenged with elevated temperatures and limiting water supply prior infection with different PVY and TSWV isolates under controlled and field conditions. Monitoring virus replication as well as metabolic and transcriptional changes will allow a comparative analysis linking specific transcript and metabolite changes to susceptible and resistant host-virus combinations and will help to design durable heat- and drought-stable virus resistance in tomato plants.