CAREER: Traveling Fires -- Do They Really Matter?

该学院早期职业发展(CALEAR)项目的研究目标是使用基于模拟的方法来量化火灾发展对钢框架建筑耐火性能的影响。特别是，高分辨率火灾模型将与3D结构模型耦合，并将进行参数研究，以评估原型钢框架建筑的性能，考虑到隔室几何形状和通风、燃料类型和分布、起火位置、结构细节和其他关键参数的变化。火灾模型与结构模型的耦合需要考虑不同时间和空间尺度上的数据传输，因此需要使用新的传热有限元、子循环和数据均化算法来提高模拟的精度和效率。对原型建筑在不同火灾场景下的数值研究将提供对非静止火灾下建筑物中发展的力学行为的新见解，使设计过程能够改进，以考虑可能归因于不断发展的火灾的有害影响。基于火灾科学文献中的经验知识和数值模拟中观察到的趋势，将提出一种新的设计火灾模型，以更有效地在基于性能化的火灾结构设计中捕捉进行性火灾的基本性质。这项研究有可能改变建筑物为火灾危险而设计的方式，为在结构模拟中更真实地表示火灾行为铺平道路。对火灾的数值研究将揭示当前设计实践中保守的根源和潜在的陷阱，从而提出建议，以改善受到灾难性火灾威胁的建筑系统的安全性和经济性。虽然研究的重点是消防安全工程，但预计这项研究将产生可能在减灾和多物理模拟的更广泛背景下应用的进展。技术研究融入了严格的教育和推广计划，其中包括为女性和代表性不足的学生提供指导的本科生和研究生研究经验，创建将在密歇根消防站博物馆安装的关于建筑消防安全的动手博物馆展览，评估密歇根大学新设立的国际服务学习项目的学习成果的教育研究，以及协调国际研讨会/研讨会，以促进关于消防结构界面问题的跨学科合作。

The research objective of this Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) project is to quantify the influence of fire progression on the fire resistance of steel-framed buildings using a simulation-based approach. In particular, a high-resolution fire model will be coupled to a 3D structural model, and parametric studies will be conducted to assess the performance of a prototype steel-framed building given variations in the compartment geometry and ventilation, the type and distribution of the fuel, the location of fire origin, the structural detailing, and other key parameters. The coupling of a fire model to a structural model requires consideration for the transport of data across disparate temporal and spatial scales, thus necessitating the use of novel heat transfer finite elements, sub-cycling, and data homogenization algorithms to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the simulation. Numerical studies of a prototype building under various fire scenarios will provide new insight into the mechanical actions that develop in buildings under non-stationary fires, enabling improvements in the design process to account for detrimental effects that may be attributed to progressing fires. Based on empirical knowledge in the fire science literature and the trends observed in the numerical simulations, a new design fire model will be proposed to more efficiently capture the fundamental nature of progressing fires in the performance-based design of structures for fire. This research has the potential to transform the manner in which buildings are designed for fire hazards by paving the way for more realistic representations of fire behavior in the structural simulation. Numerical studies of fires will shed new light on the sources of conservatism and the potential pitfalls in current design practices, resulting in recommendations to improve the safety and economy of building systems threatened by catastrophic fire. While the focus of the research is on fire safety engineering, it is expected that the research will yield advances that may have applications in the broader context of hazard mitigation and multiphysics simulation. The technical research is infused with a rigorous educational and outreach plan that includes mentored undergraduate and graduate research experiences for women and underrepresented students, the creation of a hands-on museum exhibit regarding building fire safety that will be installed in the Michigan Firehouse Museum, educational research to assess the learning outcomes of a newly established international service-learning program at the University of Michigan, and the coordination of an international workshop/symposium that will facilitate cross-disciplinary collaboration regarding issues that lie at the fire-structure interface.